75th Anniversary of the Scout Movement 1982 (December 23, 1982)

Scouting’ originated in England in 1907, based upon Lord Baden-Powell’s ideas contained in his book “Scouting for Boys” which proved to have great appeal for youngs-ters the world over. While purpose, promise and law of Scouting are universal, its pro-gramme is adaptable W needs of the youth wherever they live.
Scouting is an educational movement for young people and contributes to their personal and social development. It is a voluntary, non-political and democratic movement which is open to all. Today there are more than 16 million Scouts in the world. About 200 million people have been Scouts during their lifetime, including many prominent personalities.
The success of the book produced a Movement that quickly adopted the name of “Boy Scouts” and necessitated the establishment of a headquarter to administer it. By 1909 the Movement had taken firm roots as evident from the fact that a Scout Rally in London attracted more than 11,000 Scouts. The book “Scouting for Boys” had been translated into five languages.
The first world jamboree took place in 1920 in London and proved that young people of different nations could meet to share common interests and ideals. Since then there had been 13 World Jamborees at various places.
Between the two World Wars Scouting Movement continued to flourish almost in all parts of the world. Today scouting is a growing Movement with members in nearly every country in the free world.
In Pakistan scouting was founded soon after the country came into existence in August, 1947. It has rendered invaluable services in evacuation of marooned people, collection and distribution of clothes and food during floods, providing First Aid in refugee camps and giving inoculations against small pox end cholera during epidemics in the country. The purpose and principles of Scouting in Pakistan are as follows:—
Motto: Almustaid (Be Prepared). Promise: To do my duty to God and my Country, to help other people at all times, to obey the Scout Law. Law (1) A Scout’s honour is to be trusted. (2) A Scout is loyal to his country, his Scouters, his Parents, his emplo-yers end to those under him. (3) A Scout’s duty is to be useful and to help others. (4) A Scout is a friend to all and a brother to every other Scout, no matter to what country, class or creed the other may belong. (5) -A Scout is courteous. (6) A Scout is kind to animals. (7) A Scout obeys his parents and Petrol Leaders without question.
(B) A Scout smiles under all difficulties. (9) A Scout is thrifty. (10) A Scout is clean in thought, word and deed.
In order to celebrate the 75th anniversary of Scout Movement in 1982 and the 125th birthday of its founder Lard Baden-Powell of Gilwell the year 1992 has been declared “the Year of Scouting”. Pakistan Post Office is issuing a stamp of the denomination of Rs. 2/- on 23rd December 1982 to Commemorate the occasion.

100 Years of The University of The Punjab (October 14, 1982)

The University of the Punjab has completed one hundred years of its inception in October, 1982. It is the oldest and the biggest University of Pakistan and was the fourth to be established in the sub-continent in the 19th century. Its well-established reputation and traditions enjoy national and international recognition. Other universities of British India were set up on the model of the London University, which was only an examining body and did not impart instructions. The University of the Punjab was the first institution of higher learning which offered teaching facilities from the day of its establishment. The University of the Punjab has greatly influenced the pattern and character of higher education in Pakistan. All other universities of the country have followed its academic and organizational precedents. Its history is in fact the history of the growth of education in Pakistan. Interestingly, the man who most enthusiastically campaigned for this University was an English Orientals, Dr. Leitner, who founded the Anjuman-i-Punjab in January, 1865 to promote oriental languages and literature. He made ceaseless efforts to mobilize public opinion for which he got the assistance of other influential people. He also made representations to the Governors and the Viceroys for the same purpose. Dr. Leitner succeeded in making the British Government realize the urgent need of establishing a new university in this part of the sub-continent. The Government of India was unwilling to open a new university immediately but agreed to establish the Punjab University College, which was set up on 8th December, 1869 and practically laid the foundations of the University. The College had the authority to grant Certificates and Sanads, but not Degrees. To the chagrin of the promoters of higher education in this region, a dual system of examinations persisted for quite some time. Every student had to take one examination of the Punjab University College to get a scholarship and another of the Calcutta University to obtain a degree. This irrational practice turned out to be unbearable for the students and its adverse effects could not be wiped out even with the adjustment of courses of reading and text books. However, it made the need of the University more acutely felt.
At last the University of the Punjab was established on 14th October, 1882; As a result of a dedicated struggle for 17 years by influential people of the Punjab, it was established in Lahore in view of the great intellectual, cultural and literary traditions of that City. The University inherited the two institutions from the Punjab University College, namely, the Oriental College and the Law College. While the Law College conducted law courses, the Oriental College carried out teaching of oriental languages and literature, native medicine and general science. In the succeeding years these two institutions introduced higher degree courses. The Oriental College made provision for research, translations and publications. After the Indian Universities Act of 1904,the period of re-organization, expansion and construction of buildings started and the development of the University made rapid progress. The number of affiliated colleges also grew larger. The University was also an advisory body for the supervision of education at all levels in the areas extending from Delhi to Peshawar and from Kashmir to Bahawalpur.
The University of the Punjab founded its third institution, the Halley College Of Commerce in 1927 to promote the education of Commerce and Trade. In view of the growing importance of Science the University established the Institute of Chemistry in 1922-23 with well-equipped laboratories and qualified staff. The number of affiliated colleges, for which the University prescribes courses of reading and conducts examinations, has now gone up to about 122. The University had set up the Departments of History, Botany, Zoology, Mathematics, Economics, Geography, Statistics and Astronomy in the pre-independence period. However, after the creation of Pakistan when the educational and developmental needs expanded, new Departments of Geology, Applied Psychology, Physics, Solid State Physics and Pharmacy were opened, the Departments of Statistics, Chemical Engineering and Technology and Geology were elevated to the status of Institutes and the Department of Pharmacy to the status of a Faculty. Similarly, the Departments of Islamic Studies, Social Work, Sociology, English, Literary History of the Muslims of the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent, Public Administration, Business Administration, Library Science, Urdu Encyclopaedia of Islam, Taleef-o-Tarjuma and Punjabi, were established in the post-independence period. In view of the importance of “lqbal-Studies” a department of ‘lqbaliat has been set up recently. Centers for South Asian Studies and the Social Sciences Research have been established to undertake research in these important fields. More recently the Institutes of Molecular Biology and High Energy Physics have been established to promote research in these rapidly developing fields. The University has also made available facilities for the teaching of some European and Asian Languages, such as German, French, Spanish, Russian, Hindi, Japanese, Chinese, Turkish, etc.
In the beginning the University of the Punjab had only one building, the Senate Hall, built in 1876, with the donation of the Nawab of Bahawalpur. The Law and the Oriental Colleges had been housed in rented buildings. The University Hall was constructed in 1905. Extensions were made to its building later to accommodate a number of departments. A site with a modest building was purchased in 1914 to accommodate the Law and Oriental Colleges. New buildings for the Law College was completed in 1922 and for the Oriental College in 1925. The present observatory was built in 1921. the building of the Institute of Chemistry in 1922-23 and the Halley Hall in 1926. After the Punjab University Act of 1954, the needs of the Punjab University were examined and a decision was made to construct a ‘University Town outside the city of Lahore for the expanding educational needs.
The plan of the ‘New Campus’ was approved in 1957 and the first building of the Institute Of Education and Research was constructed. As new buildings were constructed, a number of Departments shifted to the New Campus. In the recent past, the Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, the Law College and the Hailey College have been shifted to their new spacious buildings. With the construction of new buildings the remaining Departments will be shifted to the New Campus.
The University has one main library besides smaller Departmental libraries. It has a collection of about three hundred thousand books and more than five thousand rare and valuable manuscripts. To promote research, eighteen research journals are published by the University, which are internationally recognized.
The number of students on rolls of the University is about 8000. External candidates, taking University examinations, are larger in number. There are 431 regular members of the academic staff and a number of distinguished scholars also participate in teaching on a part-time-basis. Being such a huge organization, the University has 2480 employees of all cadres. In its early phase, the University of the Punjab exercised jurisdiction over vast areas from Delhi to the remote western and southern parts of Pakistan. With the passage of time new universities were opened to lighten pressure on the University of the Punjab. The University of Delhi was established in 1922 in the pre-independence-period, and after the creation of Pakistan, other universities at Lahore, Faisalabad, Peshawar, Multan, Bahawalpur, Dera lsmail Khan, Islamabad, Karachi, Hyderabad and Quetta were set up.
The remarkable role of the Punjab University in the expansion of education in Pakistan can be appreciated from the fact that the new universities have adopted its academic traditions and administrative pattern, which gives it the status of a venerated pioneer in the field of education in Pakistan.
To commemorate hundred years of the university of the Punjab Lahore. Pakistan Post Office is issuing a postage stamp of 40 Paisa value on 14th October 1982.

RICCIONE- 1982 (August 28, 1982)

Riccione is the name of stamp exhibition held in Italy from time to time. No country issues stamp to commemorate this event so frequently as do Pakistan. Official delegation attend the show and Pakistan Post Office exhibit stamps there.
To mark RICCIONE –82, Pakistan issued a commemorative stamp on August 28. The Sukkur Barrage Re-1 value was accordingly overprinted to serve the purpose.

Anniversary of Independence (August 14, 1982)

Pakistan, it has been observed, is the first attempt in modern times to create a country on the basis of common religious beliefs. It is the result of a long strife of the Muslims of the sub-continent for the establishment of a separate homeland where they could lead their lives in accordance with the tenets of Islam and perpetuate their identity and ideology as a distinct nation. Doubts were expressed, both in India and abroad, as to the Muslim claim to separate nationhood to which Quaid-i-Azam replied in the following words:—
“We maintain that Muslims and Hindus are two major nations by any definition or test as a nation. We are a nation of a hundred million, and what is more, we are a nation with our own distinctive culture and civilization, language and literature, art and architecture, names and nomenclature, sense of values and proportion, legal laws and moral codes, customs and calendar, history and traditions, aptitude and ambitions; in short, we have our own distinctive outlook on life and of life. By all the canons of International Law we are a nation”.
The culmination of the idea of Muslims being a separate nation found expression in the famous Lahore Resolution of March 23, 1940 adopted at the Lahore Session of the Muslim League. From 1940 to 1947 every effort was made at various levels to keep India united but all these attempts failed to make the Quaid give up the idea of Pakistan. The election of 1946 gave the League a resounding electoral victory which silenced or swept away those ‘Muslim groups which still hoped to reach a compromise with the Hindus and made the Congress and the British to concede partition and independence. Failing to bring about a consensus of opinion between the League and the Congress, Mr. Attlee, the British Prime Minister declared in Feb. 1947 that His Majesty’s Government lntended to take necessary steps to effect the transference of power to responsible Indian hands not later than June 1948. Lord Mountbatten who had been appointed the Viceroy and Governor General, however, declared in his plan of June 3, 1947 that independence would be granted on 14th August, 1947, that is, within 75 days. This haste to grant independence did not affect India much but Pakistan had to start from scratch in order to establish a new capital, a new government and a new secretariat at Karachi without proper housing accommodation for the new government, without proper equipment and without adequate financial resources.
Besides this on account of the communal riots Pakistan was confronted with the problem of accommodating huge number of refugees which constituted nearly 1/10th of the total population. It may be added that nearly 65 lac Muslims migrated from India and 55 lac Hindus and Sikhs left Pakistan. On the establishment of Pakistan the Quaid-i-Azam declared in his Presidential Address to the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan as follows:—
“You are free: you are free to go to your temples, you are free to go to your mosques or to any other places of worship in this State of Pakistan. You may belong to any religion or caste or creed; that has nothing to do with the fundamental principle that we are all citizens and equal citizens of one State”.
On 14th August, 1982, the nation is observing 35th anniversary of independence in an atmosphere of enthusiasm for the enforcement of Shariat Laws in the country. The present Government under the President and Chief Martial Law Administrator, General Muhammad Ziaul-Haq have already introduced Zakaat, Usher and interest-free banking system in the country. The establishment of “the Federal Shariat Court” and “The Council of Islamic Ideology” are concrete steps towards Islamisation of the laws. It has been observed that for the first time in the history of the country progress has been made to achieve the purpose for which the country came into being. Let us endeavor to achieve the objective laid down by the Quaid in his broadcast to the nation on 30th October, 1947.
“Now is the time, chance and opportunity for every Mussalman to make his or her fullest and best contribution and make the greatest sacrifice and work ceaselessly in the service of our nation and make Pakistan one of the greatest nations of the world\"
To commemorate this auspicious occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a set of two stamps of 85 paisa and 40 paisa denominations on 14th August1982.

Sukkur Barrage Golden Jubilee 1932-1982 (July 17, 1982)

Sukkur Barrage has the distinction of being the first major hydraulic structure on the river Indus. In its concept dimensions and scope the Sukkur Barrage remains unique even after 50 years of its completion. It services approximately 25% of the 320 million acres of cultivable land under canal irrigation in Pakistan, and provides food and fiber to millions of people residing in the lower Indus Basin.
The idea of Sukkur Barrage was first conceived in 1868. Later in 1903 a proposal was made to construct a weir across the river Indus at Sukkur, but it was not considered necessary at that time. It was in March 1908, however, that the then Bombay Govern-ment on the recommendations of an Experts’ Committee ordered the preparation of plans and estimates for a Barrage at Sukkur.
The Sukkur Barrage and the Canal Project as they exist today were finally sanctioned on 9th June 1923. The work on this project was started on 1st July 1923. Construction of the canals started in January 1925 and that of the lied Works was taken up in October 1929. The canals were opened on 13th January 1932 to provide assured irrigation to an area of 76 million acres. The seven major canals with a discharge-carrying capacity from 2000 to 16000 cusecs have been instrumental in bringing prosperity to the Province of Sind. The cultivated area being serviced by the Sukkur Barrage today is about 18% more than the area for which the Barrage was originally designed. The Sukkur Barrage and its allied works have brought about revolutionary changes in flora and fauna in the Province of Sind. The landscape in the river basin has changed from scorching arid land into well-spread green farms with the farming community organising itself into permanent settlements. The benefits derived from this project have been enormous. The Sind Government was in a position to repay the loans obtained for the construction of the Barrage from the Central Government about 10 years earlier than scheduled. It can, therefore, be said that land of the Province of Sind owes its fertility to the Sukkur Barrage which celebrated its Golden Jubilee on 30 March 1982.
Pakistan Post Office is issuing a special postage stamp of the denomination of Re. 1 on 17 July 1982 to commemorate the Golden Jubilee of Sukkur Barrage.

Space Exploration and Peaceful uses of Outer Space (June 7, 1982)

The orbiting of first artificial earth satellite in 1957 was given due cognizance by the United Nations which noted the potential significance of this giant step toward exploration of space. Consequently the General Assembly of the United Nations set up an ad-hoc Committee to deal with the new ‘frontier of knowledge’ and immense potential opened up by Man’s ability to enter the outer space. The ad-hoc Committee was later on replaced by a regular committee of the General Assembly under the title of “Committee on the peaceful uses of Outer Space.” The membership of this committee was expended from time to time to accommodate the increasing interest and also the larger number of member states joining the United Nations (the current membership of the Committee is 53) The Committee provides a ‘focal point’ for international cooperation in the peaceful exploration and use of Outer Space in accordance with General Assembly resolutions.
After about ten years of space exploration the United Nations, upon the recommendations of the Outer Space Committee, held the first world conference on the exploration and peaceful uses of outer space in Vienna in 1968. Although this conference did serve a useful purpose in high-lighting the potential of Man’s access to space and in disseminating the scientific results and applications derived in the first decade of space exploration, it failed to produced substantial follow-up action. It, however, succeeded in the creation of a modest programme of space applications and appointment of an Expert for this programme within the Outer Space Affairs Division of the UN Secretariat.
With the Passage of another ten years from the First World Conference, and some twenty years from the orbiting of first artificial earth satellite, the Outer Space Committee recommended to the Thirty-third General Assembly to convene the Second world conference in order to facilitate a global examination of the issues and opportunities offered by the advances made in space research and space-technology applications. The General Assembly agreed to this recommendation.
The Second United Nations Conference on the exploration and peaceful uses of Outer Space (UN ISPACE 82) will take place in Vienna, Austria from 9 to 20 August, 1982. Plans for the conference originated in the meetings of the UN Committee on the peaceful Uses of Outer Space, which is one of the permanent Committees of the United Nations General Assembly. The Conference has been convened to discuss and assess the progress which has been made in the peaceful uses of space technology since the convening of the first United Nations Conference on Space in 1968. It will provide a forum for assessing the adequacy and effectiveness of the existing institutional and co-operative arrangements for realizing the benefits of space technology for the good of man everywhere.
Participants of the conference include all member states of the United Nations, representatives of United Nations Organisations, specialized agencies and relevant inter-governmental and non-governmental organisations.
The second conference has the following three main areas of interest, as reflected in its agenda —
a) State of space science and technology.
b) Applications of space science and technology.
c) International Co-operation and the role of the United Nations.
The outcome of UNISPACE 82 will undoubtedly bear upon the future role and work of the United Nations in the space exploration and peaceful uses of outer space. It will also hopefully contribute in particular towards ensuring adequate utilization of space technology for socio-economic advancement of the developing countries.
In Pakistan also, a modest programme was initiated making its mark with the first launching of a scientific rocket on 7th June, 1962, from the Sonmiani Rocket Range. Recently (May 1981) a fully autonomous Commission has been established in Pakistan for the promotion of peaceful uses and applications of space.
Pakistan Post Office is issuing a special postage stamp on 7th June, 1982, of the denomination of Re. 1/-to focus attention on UNISPACE 82 and on Pakistan’s own space programme. The date of issue of this stamp coincides with the 20th anniversary of the first rocket launching carried out by Pakistan from its Sonmiani Rocket Range.

Wildlife- The Blind Indus (Dolphin April 25, 1982)

During the Eocene, the desert of the lower Indus plain which now lies in the province of Sind, was covered by Tethys, a warm sea which stretched as far as Central Europe and separated Angaraland in the north from Godwanaland in the south. The Indian peninsula was flooded and even the Himalaya region lay completely under water. As the land rose, Tethys dried up. When the water withdrew, the sea-dwelling dolphins were forced to adapt themselves to the only remaining suitable habitat - the river. And it is in such a river, the Indus , that one finds that marvel of evolutionary adaptation, Platanista indi, the blind Indus Dolphin.
Cut off from the ocean by the natural catastrophe, the marine dolphins were forced to become entirely freshwater animals which now never venture as far as the tidal zone. In the process of adapting to the changed conditions some of their faculties have become atrophied and others amazingly highly developed due to the darkness of murky waters and fierce currents of the Indus. Loss of vision (Platanista is totally blind) has been compensated by an extremely efficient sonar system which enables the dolphins to locate and identify even minute objects. The flipper has evolved as an organ of touch. Safety in running water is ensured by ceaseless activity interrupted only by sleep pauses, not more than a few seconds long.
Until recently, the dolphin was considered almost extinct, the main reason for its decline being the barrages which were built across the Indus by the British to irrigate the Sind desert. This complicated system of irrigation, which made the desert bloom, also had the effect of isolating the population of the Indus Dolphin between the barrages where, with the added pressure of hunting, they slowly disappeared.
When Pilleri came to investigate reports of the existence of the dolphin in 1974, he was only able to count a total of 150 individuals. As a result of this study the Indus Dolphin was included in the IUCN Red Data Book and the Government of Sind declared the stretch of the Indus between the Sukkur and Guddu Barrages a Reserve for the dolphin. Sind Wildlife Management Board in collaboration with IUCN/WWF and the Volkart Foundation, launched a research and protection programme in 1977 to identify the conservation requirements of this unique species. Although international funding ceased in 1980, the Government of Sind continues to run a conservation programme and latest count of the dolphin reveals a figure of 367 individuals.
One of the most interesting aspects of this dolphin (which is fairly primitive by cetacean standards) is the incredibly complex sonar system which has been developed as a compensation for the lack of vision. G. Pilleri explores the biological implications of such a step in evolutionary terms in his book “The Secrets of the Blind Dolphins.”
Pakistan Post Office is issuing a set of two special postage stamps on the blind ‘Indus Dolphin’ (Platanista indi) on the 24th April, 1982, of the denomination of 40 Paisa and Rs. 1/- to focus attention on the need to preserve one of this rare and unique species of the wildlife. This is the eighth set being issued in the series of wildlife stamps. Earlier issues on wildlife included a set of two stamps each on (i) Black Partridge (30 September, 1975) (ii) Urial (31 December, 1975) (iii) Peacock (31 March, 1976) (iv) lbex (12 July, 1976) (v) four stamps on pheasants, namely Monal, White-crested Kalij, Koklas and Cheer (17 June, 1979) (vi) one stamp on Green Turtle (20 June, 1981) and (vii) two stamps on Western Tragopan (15 September, 1981).

Centenary of the Discovery of the TB Bacillus, (1982 March 24, 1982)

The year 1982 marks the centenary of the discovery of the tubercle bacillus by Robert Koch. The World Health Organization and International Union against Tuberculosis join in celebrating this important scientific and humanitarian event.
Robert Koch was born in Germany in 1843 and pursued a career in public health. He soon turned to research and perfected a number of important techniques of bacterial investigation. On the 24th of March 1982, he announced his monumental discovery of the tubercle bacillus, which causes the killing disease known as tuberculosis. His discovery marked the first step towards the conquest of the disease.
Though tuberculosis has declined rapidly in many developed countries, it still ranks among the major health problems of the world. It is estimated that each year about 3.5 million people develop tuberculosis and more than half a million die of it.
Over the years effective techniques to prevent and stop the spread of the disease have been developed which are especially applicable to the situation in developing countries. With the discovery of powerful anti-TB drugs it has been made possible for patients to be treated at home, thus ending the need for santoria. The disease, it has been proved, can be defeated irrespective of its environment. Simplified technology as part of primary health care approach can save millions of lives.
The Government of Pakistan is exploiting all its resources to eliminate tuberculosis from the country. However, active co-operation of the private sector and volunteer organizations is extremely necessary to eradicate this disease. Efforts are being made to coordinate the activities of TB Associations constituted at various levels in the country to expedite TB eradication. It is being ensured that TB patients should get proper treatment facilities and medicines. Diagnosis of tuberculosis cases by sputum tests and chest X - Rays was undertaken in all the districts of the country in the year 1980-81 during which 267,684 patients were subjected to detailed Examination.
For the prevention of the disease BCG vaccination campaign was launched as a part of Expanded Program of immunization and 33,317,824 children have been vaccinated in a year. Emphasis is also being laid on better hygienic conditions, education and persuasion of the masses to overcome this disease.
The commemoration of one hundredth anniversary of the discovery of the tubercle bacillus should serve as an inspiration to the people everywhere to intensify the fight against tuberculosis. Pakistan Post Office is issuing a postage stamp of Re. 1/- denomination to commemorate the Centenary of the Discovery of TB bacillus.

Handicrafts of Pakistan (February 20, 1982)

Pakistan with its five thousand-year-old civilisation has a rich heritage of handicrafts. The different regions with wide variety of tradition and culture, dialects, folklore, music, dresses and costumes have much to offer to any connoisseur of handicrafts. The Kashmiri Shawls, the Baluchi and Sindhi embroidery work, the Peshawari chappals and carpets, camel skin lamps of Multan, Gujrati pottery and the wood and brass work done in different parts of Pakistan have all a charm of their own.
In order to focus attention on the rich heritage of handicraft in our country, Pakistan Post Office had issued on 23rd August 1979 a special series consisting of four stamps depicting specimens of
(i) Guj embroidered shirt (Guj is a Sindhi term for woman’s wed-ding shirt),
(ii) Enamel inlaid brass plate, (iii) Baskets, and (iv) Chain-stitch embroidered rug in the denominations of 40 Paisa, Re. 1/-, Rs. 1.50 and Rs. 2/- respectively. The second set of stamps in the handicraft series consisting of two stamps each of Re. 1/-denomination depicting specimens of (i) HalIa Pottery, and (ii) Camel Skin lamp will be released on the 20th February, 1982.

World Cup Hockey Champions- 1982 (January 31, 1982)

The First World Cup Hockey Tournament was held in Barcelona in 1971 on the initiative of Pakistan Hockey Federation. Pakistan Team by virtue of their magnificent performance won the prestigious Cup.

Pakistan Hockey Team repeated their performance in the 4th World Cup Hockey Tournament held in Argentina in 1978 when they defeated Holland by 3 goals to 2 in the Final.

Again in 1981 Pakistan Hockey team participated in the 5th World Cup Hockey Tournament held in Bombay from 29th December, 1981 to 12th January, 1982. Pakistan, West Germany, New Zealand, Spain, Poland, Argentina, Holland, India, Russia, Australia, England and Malaysia took part in this tournament.

In the opening match against Spain Pakistan won comfortably by 4—1. In their second pool match against New Zealand Pakistan team set a new record for the highest number of goals scored by a team in the World Cup. improving their own record of nine goals against Argentina at Buenos Aires in 1978. Pakistan team won all their pool matches and secured maximum points. The results of the pool matches are as under

	Pakistan	W. Germany	New Zealand	Spain	Poland	Argentina
Pakistan	-	5-3	12-3	4-1	4-1	6-1
W. Germany	3-5	-	2-1	1-1	5-3	2-0
New Zealand	3-12	1-2	-	2-0	1-0	3-5
Spain	1-4	1-1	0-2	-	0-1	4-2
Poland	1-4	3-5	0-1	1-0	-	2-1
Argentina	1-6	0-2	5-3	2-4	1-2	-

In the Finals against West Germany Pakistan won convincingly by 3—1 thus extending their uninterrupted reign to eight years. The margin does not reflect the true character of the victory. Pakistan’s domination was total and complete barring the first five minutes when the Germans scored the only goal of the match against Pakistan.

Pakistan Post Office is issuing two commemorative postage stamps of the denomination of Re.1/- each to commemorate the victory of Pakistan in the 5th World Cup Hockey Tournament.