90th Birth Anniversary of Quaid-e-Azam (December 25,1966)

15 Paisa: The Quaid-i-Azam’s portrait appears in black in the centre, printed by recess. The background and ornamental design is in orange, printed by Litho Offset. The words “Pakistan” in Urdu and Bengali appear in Blue at the bottom centre. The value ‘Paisa 15’ appears both at the right and left bottom corners in Blue. The date of anniversary of Quaid-i- Azam appears in Blue below the portrait. The words “Postage” and “Pakistan” in English appear in Blue at the right and left of the portrait respectively. 50 Paisa: The Quaid-i-Azam’s portrait is in black, printed by recess. The patterns at the top left and bottom right corner of the stamp is in purple, printed by Litho Offset. The date of anniversary of Quaid-i-Azam appears at the top right hand corner in blue. The value ‘Paisa 50’ and the word ‘Postage’ appears at the bottom left corner in blue. The words ‘Pakistan’ in Urdu, Bengali and English appear in reverse at the bottom right.
The commemorative postage stamps will be available for sale on and from the 25th December, 1966 for a period of three months at all important Post Offices, Philatelic Bureaux and Counters and also at some of the Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad There-after if supplies are still available, they will be sold only at the Philatelic Bureaux and Counters.
TO commemorate the Birth Anniversary of Quaid-i-Azam Mahomed All Jinnah, the Pakistan Post Office is issuing two postage stamps of l5-Paisa and 50-Paisa denominations on December 25,1966. In the heart of old Karachi there stands an old building called Wazir Mansion, which has become a national shrine. Here, ninety years ago, was born a child who was to change the course of history in Asia and to fulfil the destiny of a hundred million Muslims by helping them to win a homeland for themselves.
In this old fashioned three storied building lived Jinnah Poonja, a hide merchant, whose family had migrated from Kathiawar peninsula in India and made their home in the prosperous and growing town of Karachi. December 25, 1876, was a day of rejoicing in Wazir Mansion for on that day was born the first child of Jinnah Poonja, named Mahomed Ali.
The child grew up to be a fair tall boy, and studied at various schools but longest at the Sind Madrasah High School, where he made his mark as a disciplined and serious student. Impressed by his talents and noticing his bent of mind, an English friend of the family persuaded Mahomed All’s father to send him to England to study law after he had matriculated.
The four years stay in England was to transform the young man. He passed his examinations in two years but had to remain in England for two more years before he was called to the bar at the age of twenty. Mahomed Ali Jinnah returned to India in 1896. By this time his mother was dead and his father had fallen on hard days. Full of ambition and lofty ideals, Jinnah could not adjust himself to the depressing surroundings. He moved to Bombay in 1897, where the High Court offered more scope for the flowering of his legal talent.
When he was thirty and had made his fortune, Jinnah turned to active politics in 1906. The political tempo of India increased sharply with the victory of the Japanese over the Russians in 1905. The partition of Bengal in the same year led to violent protests by the Hindus, repression by the British, and safety measures by the Muslims, who decided to organize themselves under the banner of the Muslim League. Jinnah, however, was still inspired with liberal nationalism and joined the Congress.
In 1909, Mahomed Au Jinnah was elected by the Musalman of Bombay Presidency as their representative to the Supreme Legis-lative Council. In 1913 he was specially nominated to the Council by the Viceroy for an extra term to enable him to introduce the famous Waqf Validating Bill—the first Bill to pass into legislation on the motion of a private member.
Though Jinnah had been striving, with some other eminent leaders of goodwill, to promote unity between the Hindus and the Muslims, he *as drawn closer to the Muslim League after the annulment of the partition of Bengal in 1911, for this event convinced the Muslims that they could not be protected by the British against the Hindus. However, when Jinnah was persuaded to attend the annual sessions of the Muslim League in 1911, 1912 and 1913, he strove to raise their ideals, and in 1913 was mainly instrumental in getting a resolution passed which declared attainment of self-government to be the ideal of the Muslim organisation. In that year too, he was persuaded by Maulana Mohammad Au and Syed Wazir Hasan to enroll as a member of the League, but only after he had received solemn assurances that this would in no way imply even a shadow of disloyalty to the larger national cause to which his life was dedicated.
In 1915, Jinnah was instrumental in persuading the League to hold its annual session at the same place as the Congress was meeting in Bombay. This was repeated in 1916, when the League held its session at Lucknow under the presidentship of Jinnah himself. Earlier he had given public utterance to his sup-port for the demand of the Muslims for separate electorates, in an eminently reasonable speech while presiding over the 16th Bombay Provincial Conference. At the 1916 session of the Congress, Jinnah helped in persuading the Con-gress to agree that “in certain provinces” in which the Muslims were in a minority, they should be guaranteed a proportion of seats in the future Legislative Council in excess of the number they could other-wise hope to win. This “Lucknow Pact” between the Congress and the League was the culmination of Jinnah’s career as the “Ambassador of Unity” between the Hindus and the Muslims.
After the World War ended in 1918, political activity became intense. Widespread agitation followed the passage of the Rowlatt Act, which gave power to the Government to try cases of sedition without a jury. Jinnah resigned from the Imperial Legislative Council in 1919 as a protest against the passage of this bill. Next month the tragedy of Jallianwala Bagh took place in Amritsar. In August, 1920, the Treaty of Sevres was signed by which the Allies decided to dis-member the Ottoman Empire and to reduce the powers of the Caliph of Turkey. The Muslims of Indo-Pakistan Sub-continent were indig-nant, and the Congress joined with the Muslim League in launching a violent agitation against this step and against the new political re-forms proposed under the Montague-Chelmsford proposals. Jinnah tried to dissuade the Muslims from the extremist course when he spoke at the Calcutta Session of the League in 1920. In December, he addressed the Congress Session at Nagpur in a similar effort to bring sanity into their counsels but he was silenced by the extremists. Jinnah resigned from the Congress, and the Home Rule League, and retired from practical politics during the next few troubled years but he did not resign his membership of the Muslim League. In 1926 he was again elected to the Central Legislative Assembly. In 1928 he took part in the All Parties Conference in Calcutta at which the Nehru Report on the Simon Commission proposals was to be considered. He pleaded for amendments in the constitutional pro-posals, to safeguard the interests of the Muslims and to maintain Hindu-Muslim unity, but his suggestions fell on deaf ears. He was utterly disgusted with the intolerance of the Hindu politicians. In 1930 and 1931 he attended the Round Table Conference called by the British Government to arrive at some agreed solution of India’s constitutional problems. When these also proved futile, as a result of Hindu intransigence, Jinnah decided to settle in England, away from the fury of Indian politics.
In 1934 he returned from England to lead the Muslims again. He was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly by the Muslims of Bombay as an Independent member, even without his prior consent. Next year the Government of India Act of 1935 was passed. The Muslim League began preparations to fight the coming elections, and Jinnah was chosen President of the Central Election Board at the Muslim League Session of 1936 at Bombay. Jinnah made a clarion call to the Muslims, “organize yourself and play your part. The Hindus and the Muslims must be organized separately, and once they are organized, they will understand each other better.
In March 1940, the Muslim League held its session at Lahore in which the historic Pakistan Resolution was passed. Henceforth the political ideal of the Muslims of India was the attainment of a separate homeland where they could live according to their distinct way of life.
In the years that followed Jinnah negotiated with the Cripps Mission on behalf of the Muslims. The result was a failure but it was the first step by the British to agree to the demand for a separate state for the Muslims. The Congress was alarmed and after the failure of the Cripps Mission, they launched the violent ‘Quit India’ campaign against the British in 1942. All this was alien to Jinnah’s nature, and he kept the Muslims clear of all these disturbances. Next he had to match his wits with Gandhi during the talks in 1944. When the European War ended in May 1945, the Congress leaders were freed from prison and the British Government again started negotiations for constitutional changes in India. First came the Wavell Plan, then the more important Cabinet Mission Plan. Before the latter, an im-portant event was the new elections held in India in January 1946.
The victory of the Muslim League at the polls was overwhelming both in the provinces and in the Central Assembly. It was a measure of the Quaid’s glorious success in his mission of organizing the Indian Muslims. Well could he declare “No power on earth can prevent Pakistan now.”
In March 1946, the Cabinet Mission came to India with new pro-posals, offering to arrange the provinces into three groups, to satisfy Muslim demands partially, for though they were offered internal auto-nomy, they were to be part of one state with defence, foreign affairs and communications as central subjects. The Quaid went along with the proposals some way but the Congress intransigence wrecked the negotiations, for the Hindus did not appreciate the sacrifice the Muslims were making by scaling down their demands. Still, the Muslims Were steadily and surely coming nearer the achievement of their ideal under Jinnah’s unerring leadership. When the Government decided to hold elections for a new Constituent Assembly, the League’s stand of being the sole representative of the Muslims was vindicated, for it won 76 out of 79 Muslim seats. In October 1946, the League joined informing the Interim Government under Lord Wavell. But there was no real co-operation. The Quaid ordered that no Muslim was to take part in the Constituent Assembly due to sit from December 9, 1946. Feelings in the whole of the sub-continent were worked up and the Calcutta riots were like the fuse that started the great explosion. After one last effort to reconcile the Muslims and the Hindus, Mr. Att-lee, the British Premier, announced in February 1947, that they would grant independence to India, not later than June 1948. vis-count Mountbatten was sent out as Viceroy to negotiate the manner of handing over power. He acted with amazing swiftness, and on June 2, 1947, announced that India would be partitioned. Thus two new Pakistan and India States were created on August 14, 1947. Quaid-i-Azam’s leadership and the struggle of the Muslim nation at last bore fruit—earlier than anyone expected.
The Quaid was seventy one when Pakistan came into being. He was spared by God only for one year to set the ship of the new state safely on its keel. The motto of “Unity, Faith and Discipline” which he gave to the new born nation infused a new spirit into the people of Pakistan. He died on September 11, 1948, mourned by a grateful nation, but as one of the Great Immortals of history.

The Institute of Health and Tibbi Research (December 3, 1966)

The portrait shows the celebrated herbal physician of East, Hakim Ibn-e-Sina, engrossed in preparing notes for his famous book Canon of Medicine. The word “Pakistan” appears at the left side of the stamp in Bengali, Urdu and English. The word “Postage” appears at the right side of the stamp in English. The value, Paisa 15 appears at the top right. The name of the commemorated- Physician Hakim Ibn-e-Sina together with the dates of his life span (980-1037) is shown beneath the portrait. The words “Health from Herbs” appear centrally at the foot of the stamp.
The commemorative postage stamp will be available for sale on and from December 3, 1966 for a period of three months at all important Post Offices in Pakistan, Philatelic Bureaux at Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Dacca and Philatelic Counters at Chitta-gong, Dacca, Hyderabad, Karachi, Khulna, Lahore, Landikotal, Lyallpur, Moenjodaro, Multan, Murree, Peshawar, Quetta, Raj-shahi, R.B. Mangla S.O., Saidu Sharif, Sialkot, Sukkur, Sylhet, Taxila Museum, E.D. B.O, Torkham, Wah Cantt. S.O., and some of the Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad. Thereafter, if supplies are still available, they will be sold only at the Philatelic Bureaux and Philatelic Counters mentioned above.
To commemorate the establishment of the Institute of Health and Tibbi Research and the laying of its foundation stone by the President of Pakistan, Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Khan, N.Pk., H.J., on December 3, 1966, a stamp bearing the portrait of Hakim Ibn-e-Sina, who was the founder of the Greco-Arab School of Medicine (Tibb-e-Unani) is being issued by the Pakistan Post Office. Tibb-e-Unani is the con-tinuation and revivification of Greek (Ionian or Unani) medicine by the Arabs who infused life and vigour, empiricism and rationality to make it a scientific system of medicine. Tibb has been dy-namic, absorbing within it everything that was of proven value. This process of synthesis and fusion of all that was good was start-ed in the 10th century AD by pioneers of Tibb like Hakim Ibn-e-Sina, Al Razi, Averroes, Jabir Ibn-e-Hayyan, Albucasis, Alkindi, Mesue Senior and other personalities. They based the system on the Hippocratic humoral theory—that every person has a unique humoral constitution which represents his healthy state. Any change in this brings about a change in his state of health. Great reliance is placed on the power of self-preservation and adjustment (viz. Medicatrix naturae) which strives to restore any disturbance within the limits prescribed by the constitution of the individual.
Hakim Ibn-e-Sina (Avecenna) is the greatest physician and philosopher that the Arab culture ever produced. His contribution to medicine is unparalleled in history. His best known work is the Canon of Medicine, an encyclopaedia and text book of medicine in the Universities of Europe and the Orient for hundreds of years. Currently in some European and Asian countries, research and investigation into the theories, therapeutics, medicines and formulae of the Canon is being car-ried on. it is his likeness that adorns the diploma of the Phar-maceutical Society of Great Britain.
The actual treatment of disease in Tibb-e-Unani is by regimen, drugs and operative interference. Drugs are mainly and chiefly herbal in nature. They are prepared by the Greco--Arab system which is “Polypharmaceutic” in the sense that it is based on what has now come to be known as “combination therapy”. One of the great intuitive arts is that of herbs. For thousands and thousands of years man has been accumulating a certain kind of very effective wisdom about the desirable effect of green things—things not usually considered food— upon undesirable conditions of his body. These are the green medicines of nature. This lore constituted all the medical and therapeutic wisdom man had, until knowledge of chemical reaction began to creep in, and surgical techniques were establish-ed in snail like fashion. But primarily it is the herb that cures man’s cough, reduces his fever, relieves his aching back and quiets his nerves. It is too well known that the whole herb heals ; synthesis may destroy. Today more and more people are returning to the natural medicines of our forbears, to the simple herbs “which were given to the healing of Nations”. The pharmacopoeia of today is: merely the great grand-child of the herbal of the sixteenth century and that in turn is but the accumulation of thousands of years of native, pragmatic wisdom about the values of herbs. Some of the miracle-cure-herbs of today are not discoveries but recoveries of wisdom that our forefathers had for thousands of years e. g. saffron, ephedrine, etc. Our country is also very rich in medicinal herbs and plants and health can be found in them for diseases of body and mind. Tibb-e-Unani which reached its zenith in the 13th century has to be resuscitated and revived as it is generally believed that it is quite capable of serving the cause of national health. Tem-peramentally, constitutionally and economically, we are better suited and adjusted to Unani medicine. However, there is no question of the negation of what is good in modern medicine and surgery. The correct solution of our health problems, therefore, lies in starting at once investigation and research on the various methods of treatment and to adopt everything of proven value, with the help of modern techniques and procedures developed in the course of the last 2 or 3 decades and thus to revive Tibb. The Institute of Health and Tibbi Research has, therefore, been visualized by Hakim Mohammad Said, to serve this purpose. The aims and objects of the Institute would be
(1) to foster and promote health education and preventive measures against disease;
(2) to promote and provide facilities of medical aid and treatment
(3) to engage in scientific appraisal of the principles and practice of the various systems of medicine and therapy;
(4) to establish and administer research centres for carry-ing out systematic interdisciplinary studies in drugs of vegetable, animal and mineral origin.
The scheme includes (1) a fully equipped and staffed hospital through which medical advice and aid will be provided to the ailing people; (2) a Central Drugs Research Centre for carry-ing out research in all types of medicinal herbs and plants and would include chemical, biochemical, pharmacological, physio-logical and pharmacolognosical research; (3) a College of Medicine devoted to the study of different systems of Medicine; (4) a fully equipped Library having about 5 lakhs of books on Health Education, Health and Hygiene Medicine (ancient and modern) Medical Research, Drug Research and plants and herbs.

Islamabad The New Capital of Pakistan (November 29, 1966)

The President’s portrait appears on the right hand side. Secretariat Building is shown in a window shaped aperture on the left of the stamp. The National Flag in the national colouring is shown in an unfurled aspect, from left to right above the Secretariat Building in Brick Red against Bluish sky background. The word “Pakistan” in English, Urdu and Bengali appears in reverse in the lower panel. Denomination is shown at bottom left hand corner of the window shaped aperture. The word “Islamabad” is printed in the foreground below the Secretariat Building. In 15 Paisa stamp the President is shown wearing Field Marshal’s uniform in sepia while in the 50 Paisa stamp the President is in civilian dress in black.
The commemorative postage stamps will be available for sale on and from November 29, 1966 for a period of three months at all important Post Offices, Philatelic Bureaux and Counters and also at some of the Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad. There-after, if supplies are still available, they will be sold only at the Philatelic Bureaux and Counters To commemorate the Capital of Pakistan—Islamabad, the Pakistan Post Office is issuing two postage stamps of 15 Paisa and 50 Paisa denominations on the 29th November, 1966. Islamabad, the Capital of Pakistan, is a living reality now. It was on October 9, 1963 that the pioneer residents crossed thresholds of their new houses in the self-contained and self-sufficient neighborhoods of the world’s youngest Capital.
The city came to life almost exactly three years after the birth of the Capital Development Authority. What has been accom-plished in such a short period is a signal triumph for hard work. It is a tribute to the caliber of the people of Pakistan, for Islam-abad represents an expression of the progress, possibilities, and personality of the nation.
The need for a proper Capital had always been felt ever since the creation of Pakistan. Realizing the importance of this problem the Government of Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Khan addressed itself to the question of locating, planning and building the Capital. In February, 1959 a Site Selection Com-mission was appointed to consider the suitability of Karachi, as the Capital from the point of view of location, climate, avail-ability of adequate water and food supply, communications and defence: if Karachi was unsuitable, to recommend another site. After comprehensive surveys and study of all possibilities the Commission unanimously recommended the terraced table-land of the Potowar Plateau, near Rawalpindi. In June 1959 Government accepted the recommendations of the Commission and took the historic decision to build the Capital which was, later, named Islamabad—the City of Islam.
The Federal Capital Commission was formed in September 1959 to prepare a Master Plan, which was produced by October, 1960.
Covering an area of 351 square miles, Islamabad lies in an open, undulating area of Postwar Plateau. The site is a pano-ramic expanse of natural terraces and meadows, rising from 1,700 to 2,000 feet above sea level. The lofty, lush green Murree Hills offer a very pleasant setting. Nearby towards the west, lie the historic ruins of fabled Taxila, cradle of the celebrated Gandhara civilization.
Islamabad, having the most agreeable year-round climate and four definite seasons, has been located in proximity to the existing Rawalpindi city with all its services and facilities. Rawalpindi is on the main line of the Pakistan Western Railway. It is also serviced by modern airlines.
Actual construction in Islamabad started in October, 1961 on the ground where one can today see nicely laid-out neighborhoods functioning as fully developed urban units. Some of the Ministries of the Central Government have shifted and started working at the new Capital which is now a humming metropolis of over 20,000 population.
The urbanization of Islamabad is based on the principle of Dynapolis. Each sector is a self-contained township satisfy-ing all needs. There are schools separate for boys and girls, markets, shops, mosques, colleges, dispensaries, post and tele-graph offices, telephone exchange, bank, police station, bus -stands, cinemas, in each sector.
A modern city has to be so designed as to ensure smooth and swift circulation. The road network thoughtfully provides suitable communication system to serve efficiently all sections of the city as it grows and develops. The network consists of varied types of roads designed for different functions. It includes highways, principal and major roads, vehicular and feeder roads, pedestrian streets, foot-paths and green walk ways. Enough space has been provided in the right-of-way of the roads to cater for the future traffic demands. Special care has been taken to separate pedestrian traffic from vehicular traffic. Within the low income-groups neighborhoods one would hardly ever need any kind of transport to move about, for everything is at a few minutes pleasant walk. The smaller communal unit is virtually road-risk free. In planning for the city, areas have been reserved for parks and open spaces, special buildings, special institutions, industrial and commercial zones, in addition to the residential areas, administrative sector and diplomatic enclave. The vast Na-tional Park would have institutions of national importance such as the Atomic Research Institute, the National University and the National Health Centre.
Islamabad offers a wholesome and dignified environment congenial to work and graceful to live in. It will not only be the nation’s Capital but would also be a source of inspiration to her people.

20th Anniversary of UNESCO (November 24, 1966)

The design indicates the ‘UNESCO’ emblem enclosed by four bands of colour forming a square. The emblem appears in reverse against a grey background. The area left out by the square is also in grey colour in which appears the word ‘PAKISTAN’ in Urdu, Bengali and English in clock-wise direction. The word ‘Postage’ appears in small letters underneath the word ‘Pakistan’. The denomination figure 15 appears in reverse in the bottom left corner with the word Paisa’ in black underneath. The wording “Twenty Years” appears in white in the top blue strip and the year ‘1946-1966’ in black in the yellow strip.
The Commemorative Postage Stamp will be available for sale on and from the24th November, 1966 at all important Post Offices, Philatelic Bureaux and Philatelic Counters in Pakistan and also at same of the Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad.
To commemorate the 20th Anniversary of UNESCO the Pakistan Post Office is issuing a postage stamp of 15- Paisa denomination on the 24th November, 1966.
UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, one of the Specialised Agencies of the United Nations system. It was created in 1946 with the purpose as defined in its constitution: “to contribute to peace and security by promoting collaboration among the nations through education, science and culture in order to further universal respect for justice, for the rule of law and for the human rights and fundamental freedom which are affirmed for the peoples of the world, without distinction of race, sex, language or religion by the Charter of the United Nations”.
In its 20 years of existence, UNESCO has been the motivat-ing force behind a series of inter-governmental conferences that adopted regional long-term plans to make universal and com-pulsory primary education in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Thus, Ministers of Education of 18 Asian countries met in Karachi in 1960 to plan educational development in Asia. Re-sults in the regional development programmes are reviewed periodically at UNESCO sponsored conference of ministers in regions concerned. In the- face of illiteracy, which afflicts half of the world’s adult population, UNESCO has initiated selective literacy projects linked to agricultural and industrial develop-ment. At the request of Member States, UNESCO supplies ex-perts and assistance, particularly in long-term planning, mass techniques of education, teacher-training and teaching equipment. To help the needs of South-East Asia in text-book production, UNESCO operates a regional centre in Karachi.
Science is also one of the areas in which UNESCO has been most successful in promoting international co-operation. An outstanding example of this co-operative effort is the International Indian Ocean Expedition in which research vessels and shore stations of more than 20 nations, including Pakistan, have taken part. Another, which began in 1965, is the International Hydro-logical Decade. Under this inter-governmental programme, scientists from around the world will concentrate research on various problems relating to water resources.
Another part of UNESCO’s science programme deals with the application of science and technology to development. Through advisory missions, regional conferences and UN Deve-lopment Programme projects, UNESCO helps fill the needs of developing countries in training scientists, technicians and tech-nologists and developing scientific and technological research. UNESCO helps staff the Chittagong Polytechnic Institute and similar facilities at Lahore and Peshawar University.
UNESCO tries to promote the free flow of ideas by word and image and to develop and improve the means and techniques of mass communication and their use for educational, scientific and cultural purposes. It has prepared broad programme for the development of information media in Latin America, South- East Asia and Africa and has provided experts to Member States.
In today’s world, the importance of the social sciences cannot be too strongly emphasized. In past years, UNESCO has devoted considerable attention to the social implications of technological change and to problems of race and race tensions. UNESCO encourages the development of teaching and research into the so-cial sciences such as providing experts to the Sociology Depart-ment of Dacca University. UNESCO also encourages the development of libraries and museums as both preservers and disseminators of culture, In addition, the success of the International Campaign to save the Monuments of Nubia has inspired a more general International Campaign for Monuments.
Finally, UNESCO’s Major Project on Mutual Appreciation of Eastern and Western Cultural Values has helped people of different worlds to know and understand one another. The project has fostered scholarly studies of cultural differences, the production of teaching materials for intercultural appreciation, exchanges of professors and students between East and West, translations of major works of literature and travelling art exhi-bitions.

Universal Children Day (October 3, 1966)

The design depicts faces of two children. The boy is resting his hand on the head of the girl. The wordings ‘UNIVERSAL CHILDREN DAY’ appear at the bottom in red. Just above this line the date ‘3rd October, 1966’ appears in black. The word ‘Pakistan’ in Bengali. Urdu and English appears on the left hand side. The denomination appears in red at the top right corner and the word ‘Postage’ on the right side of the stamp. The Commemorative Postage Stamp will be available for sale on and from 3rd October, 1966 at all important Post Offices in Pakistan, Philatelic Bureaux at Dacca, Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Philatelic Counters at Chittagong, Dacca, Hyderabad, Karachi, Khulna, Lahore, Landi Kotal, Lyallpur, Moenjodaro, Multan, Murree, Peshawar, Quetta, Rajshahi, R. B. Mangla S.0., Saidu Sharif, Sialkot, Sukkur, Sylhet, Taxila Museum E.D.B.O. Torkham, Wah Cantt. 5.0. and some of the Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad. The stamps will also be available for sale from Messrs. Inter -Governmental Philatelic Corporation, 225 West, 34th Street, Pennsylvania Building, New York, (U.S.A.).
“A day of world-wide fraternity and understanding among children “. So was described the Universal Children Day by the General Assembly of the United Nations 12 years ago, when it decided to recommend to all the countries of the world the observance each year of a day dedicated to the children. Every year, communities around the world observe the Universal Children Day by parades, games, speeches and festive activities, especially in schools. The date recommended for celebrating Universal Children Day around the world is the first Monday of October i.e. Monday, October 3, 1966. The theme for the day this year is “ CHILDREN AND PEACE “, with the subtitle:
“How Programme for children contribute to the World’s Peace “.
Hungry children, sick children, neglected children, their misery can feed the fires of war. Plant seeds of peace in the hearts of the world’s children. You can free hundreds of millions of children from disease, malnutrition and ignorance by helping organizations working for children. For a peaceful tomorrow, we must begin with the children today.
The welfare of today’s children is inseparably linked with the peace of tomorrow’s world, for it is today’s children who will be responsible for giving substance to our dreams of peaceful cooperation and development. They, embody our hopes for a peaceful world, and our plans for increasing happiness and pros-pects must start with their welfare. Good or bad, the child’s experiences between birth and his sixth year will affect him the rest of his life. Will he welcome new ideas or recoil from them? Will he seek to satisfy his desires through cooperation with others or through conflict? The answer to these questions depends largely on what happens to the child before he is old enough for school, for the early years are the formative years during which the child’s basic personality takes shape. No greater gift cars be given to a child than to provide him with a good start during this period when he is covering so much ground in his develop-ment. Three quarters of young children are growing up in countries where, for the average family, life is still a desperate struggle. Most of these children form their first picture of the world in poor rural villages whose subsistence economy leaves no margin for experiment or innovation.
On a long-term basis, there is no more effective way of serving the cause of peace than by helping today’s children grow up sound in mind and body, un embittered by neglect and un warped by early misery. For, “It is through the values of universal brotherhood first felt in the hearts of children that the minds of men can become open to the eventual creation of a world com-munity “.
The Pakistan Council for Child Welfare, which was formed in October 1958 has established its reputation through public education, its contact with social welfare agencies and its contri-bution to child welfare work in the country. In 1961 the follow-ing three types of awards for children were instituted by the President of Pakistan at the request of the Pakistan Council for Child Welfare:
(i) Award for Spontaneous Act of Courage and Service;
(ii) Award for the Best Child Writer;
(iii) Award for the Best Child Artist;
These awards are called the President’s Awards for Children and are announced by the President on the Universal Children Day which is celebrated on the first Monday of October each year. Pakistan Council for Child Welfare established ‘Ashiana (a Baby-placement Centre)’ and ran it successfully till it was transferred in 1963 to the Karachi Branch of the Council. The Council constructed a Shelter-cum-School at Sita Kundu and another at Swandip in East Pakistan for the cyclone affected children with the financial assistance of the “ Save the Children” Fund. Medicine, food and clothing were arranged for children at the time of periodical calamities by the Regional Branches of the Council and some of its Institutional Members. A fort4ightly programme for thc children is sponsored by the Council from Radio Pakistan, Karachi. The Council has been encouraging its allied institutions to provide recreational facilities for the children with good response.

Silver Jubilee of Habib Bank (August 25, 1966)

The crest of Habib Bank is the main feature of the design which appears on the right hand side in green colour against a white halo in the orange background. On the left side appear the words “25 years of Service”. The words “Silver Jubilee Habib Bank” and “Pakistan Postage” are shown in reverse in the frame at top and bottom respectively. The word “Pakistan” in Urdu and Bengali in reverse appears on the left and right respectively in the frame The deno-mination appears in English at top right corner.
To commemorate the Silver Jubilee of Habib Bank of Pak-istan, the Pakistan Post Office is issuing a postage stamp of 15 Paisa denomination on August 25, 1966. With the issue of this stamp, national progress in the private sector would, for the first time, be highlighted.
The story of Habib Bank is inter-linked with the economic development of the nation and the country. It is a story of a leading banking institution, which was established in the Indo--Pak Sub-Continent in 1941, just after one year of passing of the Pakistan Resolution. The Bank had full faith in the creation of the new Muslim State and in taking care of the banking requirements of the country. Its aim was to spread the banking facilities so as to make the nation savings and bank-minded. In order to achieve this objective, a large number of branches were opened in pre-Independence India. A special scheme was introduced to attract young Muslim graduates to the field of banking. They were trained so that one day they could take over the banking industry of Pakistan. In 1946, the leaders of the Pakistan Movement in undivided India, and the Quaid-i-Azam in particular, recognised the services being rendered by the bank and patronized it. The Bank was entrusted with the accounts of Bihar Relief Fund started by the Quaid-i-Azam. It was also appointed bankers to the Muslim League Pakistan Fund which became known as the Silvery Bullet Fund and various other funds with which the Quaid-i-Azam was associated.
Just before the establishment of Pakistan, Habib Bank transferred its Head Office to Karachi to face the challenging times and to assist the. country and its people economically to stand on their own. Its branches in India were geared up to go all out in extending their assistance for transferring money to Pakistan for the people who were migrating to the new country in large number. After the establishment of Pakistan, the bank placed all its resources at the disposal of Government and subs-cribed heavily to the Government Securities.
In view of the migration of Hindu businessmen, the export of cotton got a great setback. To overcome the difficulties arising out of this situation, a Corporation was floated with the participation of Habib Bank to take care of the problem. This step was very necessary to boost up the exchange earnings from export of cotton which were so necessary for the economic uplift of the country. Then came the closure of Indian Banks’ branches in Pakistan which were reduced from 631 to 213 and in West Pakistan alone from 481 to 69 only. The Bank, therefore, went all out to open its branches throughout the country and its earlier policy to train Muslims in the banking field really paid rich dividends. In fact, the trained officers of this Bank became the backbone of the Banking industry in Pakistan, as many of them were drafted to other banking institutions.
Mass contact was later arranged with the masses to make them bank-minded and for this purpose, the banking facilities were rapidly expanded by providing 450 branches. New tech-niques were introduced at the same time to popularize banking and extend better service. Electronic Book-Keeping, Inland and International Tele printer Service, Drive-in-Banking, Evening Banking Service, Rupee Travelers cheque, School Banking, Computer Service etc., are some of such services which were introduced by Habib Bank for the first time in the country.
Although the Bank had over 1,100 overseas correspondents, yet, to further develop the country’s export potential, the Bank decided to have its own branches overseas. In 1952, therefore, another institution by the name of Habib Bank (Overseas) Ltd. was sponsored which has now nine branches at Aden, Beirut, Birmingham, Bradford, Colombo, London, Mombassa, Port Louis and Sharjah. These branches are apart from Habib Bank’s own foreign branches in Bombay and Kuala Lumpur.
No account of a banking institution can be complete without a mention of its Capital structure. Habib Bank now has the largest Paid-up Capital and Reserves for any Pakistani Bank, namely, Rs. 8 crores and 10 lacs. Its Authorized Capital is Rs. 10 crores while the total deposits as on December 31, 1965, exceeded Rs. 197 crores. It is easily the most progressive bank in Asia and the fourth most progressive bank in the world.

Inauguration of First Atomic Reactor of Pakistan (April 30, 1966)

The main feature of the stamp is the Atomic Reactor Build-ing at 1sIamabad. The Tower appears on the left side of the stamp while the dome on thc right side. The fountain and the pool could be seen in the foreground. The Postage” in English appears at the top in small letters and word “Pakistan” in English is shown at the top left side. The word “Pakistan” in Urdu and Bengali appears in reverse at the bottom black panel. The denomination i.e. ‘15 Paisa’ is shown in the left corner of the stamp. The wordings “Pakistan’s First Atomic Reactor” appear in the open space at the top of the dome.
The Commemorative Postage Stamp will be available for sale on and from the 30th April, 1966 at all important Post Offices. Philatelic Bureaux and Philatelic Counters in Pakistan and also at some of the Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad. To commemorate the First Atomic Reactor of Pakistan, the Pakistan Post Office is issuing a postage stamp of 15 Paisa denomination on the 30th April, 1966.
When the Uranium atom splits or “fission”, it not only releases enormous amounts of energy in the form of heat which can be converted into electric power. but also radioacti-vity which helps to produce radiation sources and radioactive elements called radioisotopes, ashy-products. These can be used in solving many problems of agriculture, such as the evolution of better varieties of crops, eradication of insects and pests, detection of the presence or absence of nutrients in various soils etc. In the field of medicine. radioisotopes have been used in the diagnosis and treatment of a number of diseases such as cancer, disorders of thyroid and blood circula-tion etc. In industry their application is limited by the limit of one’s imagination.
For a developing country like Pakistan which is short of indigenous fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) and has a limited hydro power potential, atomic energy as a source of power genera-tion offers bright prospects. The uses of radiation sources and radioisotopes in different fields add another dimension to the big programme of economic development that Pakistan aims to implement. It was for this reason that President Ayub Khan once said, “Pakistan is too poor to afford the luxury of not investing in an atomic energy programme”. The heart of that programme will be carried out at the Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECII) located at Nilore about 15 miles from Rawalpindi and Islamabad, the New Federal Capital. The Institute has a 5 MW research reactor as a central facility with a number of laboratories round it for disciplines like nuclear chemistry, nuclear physics, nuclear engineering, nuclear fuels and materials, electronics, applied mathematics.
The first phase of the construction of the Institute has been completed at a cost of Rs. 4 crores—8 million dollars. With the start-up of the PINSTECH reactor on December 21, 1965, Pakistan entered the atomic age with the dedication to use atomic energy for peaceful purposes. PINSTECH when completed will be the finest institution of its kind in Asia for training and research in nuclear sciences and technology, cover-ing a built-up area of about 4,00,000 sq. ft. Nearly 1,000 scientists will be working in its laboratories by the end of Pak-istan’s third Five Year Plan in 1970. When completed it will cost about Rs. 10 crores— 20 million dollars.
In addition to P1NSTECH, the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission has established two big training and research centres of a regional character—one at Lahore and the other at Dacca to help the development of the two provinces. Centres exclusively for research in agriculture have also been established at Tandojam in West Pakistan and Dacca in East Pakistan and Medical Centres have been established at Karachi, Hyderabad, Multan, Lahore, Dacca and Chittagong.
During the last five years the Commission has broken the ice of stagnancy in scientific researches and pioneer-ed the atomic energy programme with such speed and vision that it has drawn respect from all parts of the world. PINSTECH is the finest achieve-ment of the Commission blending the past with the future, in the present—a symbol of beauty and function characteristic of architectural and scientific heritage of Muslims.

Armed Forces Day (February 13, 1966)

Crests of Army, Navy and Air Force have been shown in circles against yellow background. Colours of respective services i. e. green for Army, blue for Navy and Grey for Air Force have been shown in the circles. The words ‘ARMED FORCES DAY’ and ‘February, 1966’ have been shown on top. Word ‘PAKISTAN’ in English. Urdu and Bengali at the bottom in reverse, in Dark Blue panel. The denomination i.e.l5 Paisa and word ‘Postage’ have been shown on the left and right hand side respectively above the panel.
The Commemorative Postage Stamp will be available for sale on and from 13-2-1966, at all important Post Offices in Pakistan. Philatelic Bureaux at Dacca. Karachi. Lahore, Rawal-pindi and Philatelic Counters at Chittagong. Dacca. Hyderabad. Karachi, Khulna. Lahore. Landi Kotal. Lyallpur. Moenjodaro. Multan, Murree, Peshawar. Quetta. Rajshahi, Saidu Sharif. Sialkot, Sylhet, Torkham and some of the Pakistan Diplomatic Missions abroad.
To commemorate the Armed Forces Day, the Pakistan Post Office is issuing a postage stamp of 15 Paisa denomination on the 13th of February 1966.
The Armed Forces Day is celebrated every year to bring together the Armed Forces and the people of Pakistan. On this day the Armed Forces have an open house so that the people may come and see much of their equipment and machinery which is not open to the public view.
Every year on this day, Nation rejoices in our hard won free-dom and is reminded of our soldiers, sailors and airmen for their sacrifices, achievements, loyalty and patriotism.
The Armed Forces of Pakistan consist of traditional so1dier~ who take pride in their profession. Majority of the service personnel represents the fourth or fifth generation in the service. They have inherited the basic qualities that go into the making of a good soldier, sailor or airman. They have attracted world attention for their extraordinary performances.
Our Armed Forces are a guarantee of our country’s inde-pendence and by their strength, discipline and fitness are ever ready to safeguard the frontiers of our homeland.