Tractor Definitives. (December 10, 1978)

Eight values in Tractor series were brought out on various dates. The 75p was first issued with small 'p' and later its size was increased with slight adjustment to design as well.

75th Anniversary of First Powered Flight. (December 24, 1978)

The main feature of the stamps are aeroplanes of old and new designs. The first powered aeroplane ‘the Flyer’ made by Wright Brothers is shown in each stamp in yellow colour at the lower portion. Modern planes are shown above the ‘Wright flyer’ to indicate gradual development both in Civil and military aviation.
The urge to fly is one of man’s oldest ambitions but it became a reality only 75 years ago when the first successful flight in a powered airplane took place. Even at the moment of its birth, the aeroplane was the creation of no one nation or technology but a culmination of the efforts made by a number of enterprising people from different parts of the world at different times.
On the 17th December 1903 a proud father of two bicycle manufactu-rers received a telegram sent from Ketty Hawk. North Carolina, which read as follows:
“Success/four flights Thursday Average speed through the air thirty one miles/longest 59 seconds/inform press/home Christmas”.
The experiments of the two brothers, Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright, with the man-lifting gliders among the sand dunes near Kitty Hawk had produced the World’s first successful heavier-than-air powered flying machine and made them the pioneers of air age. From then onwards the dream of flight which had transcended all national boundaries throughout the yesterdays became a reality.
This successful heavier-than-air powered flying machine known as the “Flyer” was catapulted into the air from a small trolley running on a railway. The pilot lay face down on the wing. The ‘Flyer’ had a 40-foot wing span and was about 21 feet long; its 12 horse-power engine gave it a speed of around 31 mph depending on the strength of head winds. Orville Wright made the first flight (17th December 1903) covering a distance of 120 feet in 12 seconds. on the last of three further flights that day Wilbur was airborne for 59 seconds. Their total flight that day of 97 seconds of air time made their ‘Flyer’ the most famous aeroplane in history. Later variations of the ‘Flyer’, such as Flyer No. Ill and the one taken to France by Wilbur Wright in 1S08~ were fully maneuverable and were fitted with two skeletal seats.
The achievement in aviation ever since is the saga of the ever growing success and accomplishments of mankind opening up new vistas of exploration of the hitherto unknown and boundless Universe and establishing its sway over all other beings on this beautiful earth of ours so bountifully endowed to us by God-The Almighty.
Today aviation has brought the people all over the world closer to each other and has played a remarkable role in the spread and dissemination of knowledge. It has altogether transformed the concept of distance and time and is making people and goods fly safely, quickly, economically and sufficiently. Few inventions in history have had such far-reaching effects as the flying machine.
To mark the 75th anniversary of the first Powered Flight Pakistan Post office is issuing a set of four Commemorative postage stamps of the values of 65 paisa, Re. 1/-, Rs.2/- and Rs. 2.25 on 24th December, 1978.

Birth Centenary of Maulana Mohamed Ali Jauhar. (December 10, 1978)

The format of the stamp is vertical. The pen and brush sketch of Maulana Mohamed Au Jauhar is printed in black against orange background.’ The caption in Urdu is printed on the top.

The word “Pakistan” in English and Urdu, the denomination “50 Paisa” and “Postage” are printed in blue colour at the bottom.

A fiery orator, a forceful writer and fearless freedom fighter, Maulana Mohamed All Jauhar whose birth centenary falls on 10th December 1978 was credited with having the heart of Napoleon, the pen of Macaulay and the tongue of Burke. For nearly two decades he strode the Indian political scene like a colossus and had the unique distinction of having directed the affairs of the three most important political parties in the country - The Indian National Congress, The All India Muslim League and the Khilafat Movement. A devout Muslim and a staunch patriot, he fought both for India and for Islam. He gave his life for India and found a permanent resting-place in a Muslim sanctuary.

Born in Rampur on 10th December 1878, he was orphaned while still a baby. The credit for his education and up-bringing goes to his great mother, popularly known as Bi-Amman He obtained his Bachelor’s degree from Allahabad University obtaining the first position and took an Honours Degree in Modern History from Oxford.

After four years in England he came back to India and joined service, first in Rampur and then in Barodha. While in the service of the Gaekwad, he decided to become a journalist. He knew that in this venture he had to sacrifice all and to expect no material gain but he firmly closed his eyes to all temptations and left for Calcutta to start the “Comrade” - ‘comrade of all and partisan of none’ as he put it. The first issue came out on January 11, 1911. Born in abject poverty, the ‘Comrade’ took the journalistic world of India by storm Later he started the ‘Hamdard from Delhi and the Muslim Outlook from England and piloted ‘Echo de I’ Islam’ in Paris.

Mohamed Ali had participated in politics before coming to Calcutta but he now made it the focal point of his life instead of a facet of his many sided personality. Politics was now a passion1 not a pastime, and journalism was means. not an end. His contributions to the various political movements in India from 1911 to 1931 are now a matter of history.

His convictions were deep and his enthusiasm boundless. He inspired all by the fire that kindled in him By his simplicity, sincerity and missionary zeal he reached the heart of the masses and captured them as no one had done before.
He was only too ready to face the gallows for the sake of his country and in 1921 he narrowly escaped it when he was tried for incitement to mutiny in the famous Khaliqdina Hall at Karachi. Undeterred by all obstacles. he continued the heroic fight for freedom inspite of his growing years and failing health. It was a tough fight but he never gave in.

Although seriously ill he attended the Third Round Table Conference in 1 930. Sitting in a chair he spoke in its Plenary Session: “I want to go to my country, if I can go back with the substance of freedom in my hand, and if you do not give us freedom, you will have to give me a grave here”. The British Government did not give freedom to India, but Maulana Mohamed Au won a grave in a free country. He died in London on January 4. 1931. The body was carried to Jerusalem and buried in the place of the Prophets. Iqbal wrote a touching poem at the death of his comrade:

International Anti-Apartheid Year, 1978 (November 20, 1978)

Four different races of the World are symbolically represented by four strips of different colours (black, white, brown and yellow) interwoven in each other showing unity, equality and brotherhood among nations.
Insignia of U.N. Anti-Apartheid is printed below the strips in blue colour against light blue background. The caption “Anti-Apartheid Year 1978” appears in yellow against green top panel. The Word “Pakistan” in English and Urdu is shown on a green panel in Black at the bottom. The denomination Re. 1/- and word “Postage” are printed above the bottom panel in blue.
INTERNATIONAL ANTI - APARTHEID YEAR 1978
‘Apartheid’ or the policy of segregation and political and economic discrimination against the non-whites in the union of South Africa has been engaging the attention of the United Nations since 1946 and has been condemned by the World community as a “Crime against humanity”. Despite repeated appeals by the General Assembly to the South African Government to revise its policy of discrimination, South Africa has consistently disregarded United Nations resolutions which led to its suspension from participation in the work of the General Assembly at its 29th session (1974).
At its 31st session held in 1976 the General Assembly adopted a comprehensive ‘Programme of Action’ against Apartheid. It called on all Governments specialised agencies and other Intergovernmental organisa-tions, trade unions, and other non governmental organisations to carry out a comprehensive campaign for the effective isolation of the racist regime in the diplomatic, military, economic, transportation and other fields, and for strengthened assistance to the liberation movements of the African people.
In a resolution adopted on 14 December, 1977 at its 32nd regular session the General Assembly proclaimed the year beginning on 21 March 1978 as International Anti -Apartheid year. The main purpose of International Anti-Apartheid year is to make World opinion fully aware of the inhumanity of Apartheid and its wider dangers to international peace, and of the struggle of the oppressed people of South Africa against the racist minority regime there. The observance of the year is aimed at further isolation of the South African regime. intensification of the International campaign against Apartheid, and increased assistance to the oppressed people of South Africa and their liberation movements by Governments and Organizations as well as by the public in general.
To high light this struggle against Apartheid, Pakistan Post Office is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Re 1 denomination on 20th November, 1978.

Minar Definitives (November 7, 1978)

The format of the stamps is vertical. The monument, Minar-e--Qarardad-e-Pakistan is depicted at the right portion of the stamps. The word ‘Pakistan’ in Urdu and English, appears at the top left coiner, while the word ‘Postage’ appears vertically at the middle left side. The denomination in English is printed at the bottom left corner of the stamps. A dotted screen appears as background of the stamps.
Pakistan Post Office is introducing a new series of Definitive Postage Stamps with three stamps of 2 Paisa, 3 Paisa and 5 Paisa denominations on 7th November, 1978.
The existing Definitive Postage Stamps are basically in five designs namely:
Khyber Pass for stamps of 1 Paisa, 2 Paisa, 3 Paisa, 5 Paisa, 7 Paisa and Rs. 25
Shalimar Garden for stamps of 10 Paisa, 13 Paisa,15 Paisa, 20 Paisa, 25 Paisa, 40 Paisa, 50 Paisa. 75 Paisa and 90 Paisa.
Chota Sona Masjid Gate-way for stamps of Re. 1, Rs. 1.25, Rs. 2 and Rs. 5
Orange Tree for Rs. 10
Coconut Tree for Rs. 15
For the new Definitive series the following designs have been adopted: 1. Minar-e-Qarardad-e-Pakistan for Stamps of 1 Paisa, 2 Paisa. 3 Paisa and 5 Paisa. 2. Tractor (signifying the importance of Agriculture in the economy of our country); for Stamps of 10 Paisa, 20 Paisa, 25 Paisa, 40 Paisa, 50 Paisa, 60 Paisa, 75 Paisa and 90 Paisa 3. Tomb of Ibrahim Khan Makli; for Stamps of Re. 1, Rs. 1.25, Rs. 1.50, Rs. 2, Rs. 2.25, Rs.3, Rs. 4 and Rs. 5.
Stamps of denominations other than 2 Paisa, 3 Paisa and 5 Paisa in the new series will be issued later. Stamps in the existing Definitive series will continue to be sold and be valid for prepayment of postage unless notified otherwise.

Centenary of St Patricks Cathedral. (September 29, 1978)

Re.1/- The main building of St. Patrick’s Cathedral is shown in a sketch form the interior of the St. Patrick’s Cathedral, arches and a stained glass window has been shown in the stamp. The structure that dominates the cul-de-sac of Shahrah-e-Iraq in the Saddar area of Karachi was four years building, 1878-1882. The financial effort for the construction came from the Irish regiment posted here’ at the time and the small community of local Catholics that made up the church of Karachi in the late Victorian era.
The style of this church is typically Gothic, with the Gothic arch running all round as a recurrent theme. The edifice of St. Patrick’s claims direct descent from the strong Gothic tradition that has prevailed in the Rhine Valley of West Germany and Holland ever since the 12th Century. The observer who enters within for the first time will be struck by the sheer massiveness of the pillars, the arches and above all the central vault, which attains a height of 48 feet at its apex.
Rs.2/- The great height of the structure is enlivened by the stained-glass windows of which there are 66 in all. Their magic consists in their transpar-ency to the two-way play of light, shining inwards during day light, and shining outwards after lamp-light.
An outstanding feature of the Cathedral is the chime of its bells, which are perhaps unmatched and certainly not out-classed by any in the sub-continent. The casting of a hell is not merely a matter of technical finish but an art and even more an artistic tradition: And the three beauties in the belfry of St. Patrick’s can be traced to some obscure village in Germany where iron-mongers have made the casting of bells not merely a fine art but a point of honour. The belfries have been so designed as to permit a certain minimum of sound to filter through to the interior of the church while the main bulk of the sound is broadcast in all directions to the outside world.
Pakistan Post Office has issued a set of 2 stamps in Re. 1/- and Rs. 2/- denominations on the occasion of the Centenary of the Cathedral.

U.N. Conference on Technical Cooperation Among Developing Countries (September 3, 1978)

Format of the stamp is square, Technical Co-operation among Developing Countries, is symbolically represented by cogwheels intermingled with one another in different colours against the green background.
United Nations Conference on Technical Co-operation Among Developing Countries” (TCDC) being held at Buenos Aires, Argentina from 30 Augu3t to 12 September, 1978 would be a decisive event in the evolution of a new international order in which the self reliant capabilities of the developing countries will grow in place earlier forms of dependence.
This will be the first global conference on International Technical Co-operations which will attempt to outline, on a global scale, the responsi-bilities of all countries as well as the United Nations development system to forge new links of development co-operation for the creation of a New International Economic Order.
In the words of Mr. Bradford Morse, Secretary General of the Conference, “TCOC is a key instrument by which developing countries can project themselves into a position of greater economic equality with the rest of the world”
According to the draft Plan of Action the main objectives of TCDC are:
1. To foster the self-reliance of developing countries through the enhancement of their creative capacity to achieve solutions to development problems in keeping with their own aspirations, values and special needs.
2. To promote and strengthen collective self reliance among developing countries through the exchange of experience, sharing and utilization of combined resources, and the development of complementary capacities.
3. To strengthen the capacity of developing countries to identify and analyze collectively the main issues of their development and to formulate the requisite strategies and policies in the conduct of their economic relations with the industrially advanced countries.
To commemorate this important international moot Pakistan Post office has issued a stamp in the 75 paisa denomination on 3rd September, 1978.

30th Anniversary of RICCIONE, (August 26, 1978)

Re 1/- Stamp:- The format of the stamp is vertical. A hockey stick and a ball are shown on the left and the Hockey Championship World Cup, which Pakistan won, this year, is shown on the right.
Rs. 2/- Stamp:- The format of the stamp is vertical. The building of “ Piazza Turismo” is shown in the background and the fountain monument appears in the foreground of the stamp. International Stamp Fairs which are held annually at Riccione, San Marine (Italy) are very important events in the Philatelic World. These fairs are being held with great success and regularity for the last 30 years and a large number of Postal Administrations have been participating in them and also bringing out-special stamps, ‘First Day Covers, Special Post marks etc. to mark these occasions.
Riccione ‘78 which is being held this year from August 26 to August 28 will mark the 30th anniversary of the fair. Thirty three countries besides Pakistan are participating in Riccione ‘78. Pakistan wilt be participating in this Fair for the first time and to commemorate the occasion is issuing a set of two postage stamps of Re 1 and Rs. 2 One of the two stamps depicts the hail in which the Exhibition is to be held while the other depicts the Hockey Championship World Cup which Pakistan won during the current year.

14th Anniversary of R.C.D. (July 21, 1978)

The format of each Stamp is vertical. Specimens of roses grown in Pakistan, iran and Turkey are shown in a circle against white background in Paisa 20, Paisa 90 and Rs. 2/- stamp respectively.
The Regional Co-operation for Development (R.C.D.) is an agreement between fran, Pakistan and Turkey for closer economic, technical and cultural collaboration.
The three contiguous countries with over 140 million people have deep-rooted historical ties and cultural affinity. One could very well say that they are linked both by history and geography. Ever since its creation 14 years ago, RCD has been called upon to play a comprehensive and expanding role in promoting closer co-operation amongst the people of the region. Over the years it has been able to stimulate action in the field of industry and trade, insurance and banking, transport and communications, technical and cultural co-operation, tourism and postal services.
Annual Philatelic Exhibitions are also being held in the three member countries by rotation. The first such Exhibition was held in Karachi from July 21-25, 1976; the second Exhibition was held in Istanbul from July 21-31, 1977 and the third will be held in Tehran from October 4-13, 1978.
On the anniversary of the RCD which falls on the 21st July, each of the three countries issues a set of three stamps on a common subject one design being chosen from each country. The subject chosen this year is “Rose”. One specimen each of the common garden rose grown in Turkey, Iran and Pakistan is depicted in each set.

Henry Dunant Commemoration (May 8, 1978)

The portrait of Henry Dunant appears in an oval frame within the insignia of the Red Cross. The insignia of the Red Crescent appears on the top right corner.
One man founded the Red Cross: Henry Dunant of Geneva. While travelling in Italy in 1859, he arrived at Solferino, just after the French and Sardinian armies had clashed with the Austrian troops In a short but bloody engagement: 40,000 dead and wounded were left on the battlefield left to die.
In his pathetic and touching account titled “A memory of Solferino”, he suggested that voluntary aid be encouraged by setting up relief societies to assist the army medical services. Soon many governments were seized of this idea and the “First Geneva Conference” met in 1863 with delegates from 16 nations including representatives from learned societies and welfare organizations. Out of this conference grew two basic tenets- 1- The need for formation of volunteer civilian organizations to render aid to the wounded in wartime.
Proclamation of neutrality in wartime for the wounded, for the volunteers going to their assistance and for the materials and equipment needed in this work.
2- The relief societies created shortly after eventually became the national Red Cross Societies and since 1919, they have been linked in a worldwide federation, the League of Red Cross, Red Crescent, Red Lion and Sun Societies. As a tribute to the memory of its founder his birthday each year is celebrated as ‘Red Cross Day’ with a special slogan to emphasize the ideals of the Red Crescent movement.
The theme chosen this year is “Join Red Crescent for more Humanity”.
As a mark of tribute to the memory of Henry Dunant Pakistan Post Office is issuing a Commemorative Postage Stamp of Re. 1/- on his 150th birth anniversary which falls on 8th May, 1978.

Hypertension- Down with High Blood Pressure, (April 20, 1978)

The format of the Stamps is square with a standing human figure indicating parts of body affected by Hypertension. A sphygmomanometer is attached to the left arm measuring the blood pressure. The insignia of the International Society and Feder-ation of Cardiology is printed at the left bottom corner.
HYPERTENSION
To create an awareness of the dangers of high blood pressure April, 1978 is being celebrated as ‘World Hypertension Month with the slogan ‘Down with High Blood Pressure’.
Hypertension or high blood pressure, is a silent the health of people. Presenting no symptoms in its early stages, it often passes unnoticed. However, its complications are among the most important causes of death and incapacity. As Blood Pressure goes up, life expectancy goes down. The dangers of high blood pressure are manifold. It is responsible for changes in all blood vessels in particular those supplying blood to the brain, the kidneys and the heart, resulting in heart attacks, strokes and kidney failure. It is estimated that about 10% to 15% of the Pakistani Adult population suffers from high blood pressure.
Potent medicines are now available which can completely control this condition and avoid the complications noted above. Patients with high blood pressure must, however, remain on treatment for life time for continued protection. Most importantly, all apparently healthy people should have yearly Blood Pressure measurement performed so that this disease is nipped in the bud.
In order to highlight this occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a set of two commemorative Postage Stamps of Paisa 20 and Rupees 2.00 denominations on 20th April 1978.

IPECC Commemoration (February 5, 1978)

A lady in regional costume of Capital Area i.e. Rawalpindi-Islamabad is shown against a floral arch depicted from the fort, which is a monumental repr-esentation of our cultural heritage. The Indonesia -Pakistan Economic and Cultural Cooperation Organization (IPECC) is a bilateral arr-angement between the two countries aiming at closer economic, technical and cultural cooperation and promoting economic advancement and welfare of the people of Indonesia and Pakistan. The decision to form this organization was taken in September, 1964 by the Heads of States of the Republic of Indonesia and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and this Organization came into being on August 19, 1968.
To high light Co-operation between the two countries, the Postal Administrations of Indonesia and Pakistan decided to issue Commemorative Stamps and the theme selected for the stamps was the Tra-ditional Costumes of the capital areas of the two countries i.e. of Jakarta and Rawalpindi — Islamabad Regions. Accordingly, Indonesian Postal Administra-tion issued a Stamp on IPECC on 19-8-1977, depict-ing Traditional male Costume of Jakarta Region and Pakistan is issuing its Commemorative Stamp of 75 Paisa denomination on 5th February, 1978 depicting Traditional Costume (Female) of Rawalpindi-Islamabad Region.