Silver Jublee Celebrations Of Security Papers Limited Karachi (1965-1990) December 9, 1990

With a view to saving valuable foreign exchange, maintaining security and providing employment opportunities, it was considered in the best interest of the country to establish a Paper Mill to make Pakistan self-sufficient in its requirements of highly specialised paper for printing of banknotes and other security documents.

Consequently, a new Company "Security Papers Limited" was established and registered on the 8th December, 1965 under the Companies Act, 1913 (now Companies Ordinance, 1984). In accordance with the Memorandum of Under-standing signed on the 27th June, 1967 by the Partners of R.C.D. (flow called "Economic Cooperation Organisation"), Iran and Turkey agreed to subscribe to the capital of the Company to the extent of 10% each. This project has the unique distinction of becoming the first joint venture of the R.C.D. which started production in April 1969.

Security. Papers Limited is a prestigious organisation and manufactures paper of the highest quality with portrait watermark conforming to international standards of security. It uses 100% indigenous raw materials consisting of cotton textile wastes abundantly available in Pakistan. With the initial technical assistance provided by M/s. Portals Limited (U.K.) the Company has developed technical skills of a very high order and is manned by Pakistanis wholly and independently. It has successfully met the requirement of paper needed by the Pakistan Security Printing Corporation for printing of currency/banknotes, prize bands, non-judicial stamp papers, share certificates etc. Set up at a cost of Rs. 31.245 million the Company has a record of flawless performance throughout and presently the financial position of the Company is very strong as is evident from the following figures as an 30th June, 1990: Paid up capital at Rs. 30.360 million, free reserves at Rs. 71.421 million and current assets at Rs. 87.023 million. The initial paid up capital of Rs. 12.500 million increased to Rs. 30.360 million on 30.6.1990 and by the issue of 6th Bonus Shares to the shareholders it will further increase to Rs. 33.396 million. In addition, the Company has been regularly paying cash dividend to its shareholders since 30.6.1970 and todate it has paid a sum of Rs. 28.35 as a return on the investment of Rs. 10/.

Composition of the issued and paid-up capital of the Company is as follows:

• Pakistan Security Printing Corporation (40%),
• Turkiye Seluloz Ve Kagit Fabrikalari, Istanbul, Turkey (10%),
• Industrial Development & Renovation Organisation of Iran, Tehran, Iran (10%) and
• Ggeneral public including institutions in Pakistan (40%).

Management of the Company vests in the Board of Directors who exercise powers as envisaged in the Companies Act, 1913 (now Companies Ordinance, 1984) and prescribed in the Articles of Association. The Board consists of 10 Directors who are appointed in the following manner: four Directors nominated by P.S.P.C., one Director nominated by SEKA (Turkey), one Director nominated by IDRO (Iran) and four Directors elected by general shareholders for a term of three years.

Contributed by: Security Papers Limited, Karachi
To commemorate the occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 3/- denomination on December 8, 1990.

World Summit For Children September 29, 1990SAARC Year Of The Girl Child 1990 November 21, 1990

INTRODUCTION
The 1988 SAARC Summit in Islamabad, while reiterating commitment to accord priority to the needs of children in national development plans, also declared 1990 as the "SAARC Year of The Girl Child", and directed that "specific programmes and activities be undertaken to increase public awareness of the problems of the Girl Child".

This postal campaign is designed to highlight some basic facts related to Pakistani girls, and their implications for family and national development. Key areas of concern include:- Survival, Health, Early Marriage, Education, Economic Skills.

WHY A SPECIAL FOCUS ON GIRLS
Situation reviews in each member country indicate that though neglect of girls is part of the overall neglect of children, but due to a mix of socio-economic factors, for girls there is a lower availability and access to actual opportunities and resources.
The future of the nation is a joint responsibility of both men and women. The status of the young girl is the foundation for the adult woman\'s future. Today, our population below 18 years, is almost 60 million, almost half of whom are girls. The rights and development options provided to girls, are not enough to equip them to take on their due role and responsibilities as adult women. A stronger development focus on them is essential for the achievement of national development goals.

SURVIVAL /H EALTH
Due to greater demand for sons in the SAARC Region, girls experience sub conscious neglect through childhood, generally getting a low share in food and health care. As a result, they have lesser chances of survival, and good health. Nature gives females a better chance of survival than males, so most developed countries have more females than males, but in Pakistan there are 10% more males than females, and health standards for girls are low due to early neglect and poor access to health services.

EARLY MARRIAGE /MOTHERHOOD
The high population growth rate presents a problem in all developing countries, constraining national capacity to provide basic amenities to all. A major contributor to the high population increase is the low age of marriage. This has risen gradually in Pakistan, but the 1981 Census found that 30% of girls below 19 years of age were married. Besides raising the population growth rate, marriage of adolescent girls, reduces their health and survival chances, limits their options for proper education and technical skills, and increases the risk of death, disability, and poor health of their children.

EDUCATION
Neglect of female education is the main reason for our low national literacy rate. Even primary education is out of reach of almost 60% of Pakistani girls. The number of schools for girls is almost half that of boys. Of those enrolled, almost two thirds drop out early. Only 1 out of 10 girls completes the primary level, as compared to 1 out of six boys. The situation at other levels of education is worse. Lack of education limits their personal mental growth and awareness of better living concepts, besides the motivation to educate their own children.

ECONOMIC SKILLS
Besides formal education, girls are usually not encouraged to acquire economic skills. This means depriving them of their future economic contribution to personal and family well being, and placing an increased economic strain on males. The perception of girls as economically dependent entitles, is the basic cause of their being welcomed less by their parents, it also leads to social problems like dowry, and destitution for adult women who are deprived of male economic support due to death, disability, desertion etc.,

INDICATED ACTION
Focussing attention on the problems and positive potential of girls is not enough. In order to develop a strong human resource base for long term national development, concrete action is required to ensure equity between boys and girls, in societal respect, nutrition, health care, recreation, education and skill training options. 1990 was the year of recognition. The future need is-for action, along the lines of- the theme for the Girl Child Year in Pakistan - "Hope for Survival, Development with Dignity".

Contributed by United Nations Children\'s Fund
To mark the end of the Girl Child Year, and the beginning of a new era of hope for positive action for the Pakistani Girl, the Pakistan Post Office is issuing one postage stamp of Rs. 2/- denomination on November 21, 1990, which is to be observed as the Girl Child Day in SAARC.

World Summit For Children September 29, 1990

The World Summit for Children is going to be held in New York on 29-30 September, 1990. The purpose of the Summit is to mobilize political commitment at the highest level to achieve targets by the year 2000 for child survival, protection and development. Pakistan initiated this Summit alongwith Canada, Egypt, Mali, Mexico and Sweden.

The Summit is a historic gathering of over 100 Heads of State/Government to pledge themselves, their nations and governments, to afford children their birth rights. It provides an opportunity to identify the needs of children and to work in unison towards the reduction of infant mortality; assurance of maternal health; provision of safe water supply; protection of children against abuse and hazards; their assistance in difficult circumstances; their wholesome growth and preparation for an economically productive and socially responsible life.

The Summit intends to put children high and firmly on the agenda of the 1990s giving them \'first call\' on the world\'s conscience and resources in good times or bad, war or peace. It provides an impetus for ratification of Convention on the Rights of the Child, a historic legal codification of society\'s responsibilities to children, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1989. The Government of Pakistan has recently decided to sign and ratify this U.N. Convention.

Pakistan is committed to promote total development of all children as also welfare of the disadvantaged and disabled. Non-Government Organisations concerned are motivated and assisted by government to share and supplement its efforts towards survival, protection and development of children. The stamp symbolises the deep interest, close concern and dedicated commitment of Pakistan to the cause of children.

Contributed by: National Commission for Child Welfare and Development, Special Education & Social Welfare Division, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad.
To commemorate the occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 7/- denomination on the eve of World Summit for Children on September 29, 1990.

Joint Meeting of Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh And College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan September 22, 1990

The essence of academic life is the opportunity and indeed the demand for continuing investment in self. To this end, teaching and research provide the greatest satisfaction. They satisfy intellectual curiosity and nourish the jays and glories of discovery. Keeping up to date can be extremely demanding and time consuming.
The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh with a tradition spanning from centuries is known not only in the U.K. but overseas even to the lay person. For the excellent record of service to medical education their members and Fellows have carried the torch of learning and the art of healing through six continents and have received respect and recognition.
The College of Physicians & Surgeons of Pakistan has not only drawn its inspiration from these centuries old models but its fellows have sought to infuse ideas carried from the RCPE which now stands as a partner in all its efforts. The college now stands as a Centre of Excellence guiding, overseeing, structuring and evaluating specialist cum teacher training in Pakistan. Amongst several strategies that are in vogue, the bringing together of specialists and subject experts from developed countries likely to benefit a much larger number is a major break-through.
This meeting of two great colleges symbolises their commitment to amelioration of human suffering through pursuit of knowledge. It is a presager of one of several similar exchanges both the colleges and their organizers deserve to be congratulated.
(Contributed by Royal College of physicians of Edinburgh College of physicians & surgeons Pakistan)
To commemorate the occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 2/- denomination on the joint Meeting of Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan on September 22, 1990.

International Literacy Year 1990 September 8, 1990

Introduction
Eradication of illiteracy is a major global concern. As a result, of expansion of 4 facilities for children\'s education and a variety of activities aiming at promotion of Adult Literacy, the rate of illiteracy throughout the world is declining. The illiteracy rate in the world decreased from 32.9 percent in 1970 to 27.7 percent in 1985. Nonetheless, in absolute terms, during this period, the number of illiterate adults has increased because of rapid population growth. It is estimated that number of adult illiterates aged 15 and above rose from 760 million in 1970 to 889 million in 1985.

Over 98 percent of the world\'s illiterates live in developing countries, about 666 million living in Asia . Majority of adult illiterates are women.
The United Nations General Assembly in December, 1987, adopted a resolution declaring 1990 as the International Literacy Year (ILY) to trigger off the, efforts for the promotion of literacy and basic education.

Objectives
The objectives for International Literacy Year approved by the twenty-fourth session of the UNESCO General Conference in the autumn of 1987 are:

1. Increasing action by the governments of Member States afflicted by illiteracy or functional illiteracy to eliminate these problems, particularly through education in rural areas and urban slums, in favour of women and girls and among populations and groups having special educational problems or needs;
2. Increasing public awareness of the scope, nature and implications of illiteracy as well as of the means and conditions for combating it. In particular, an effort should be made to alert public opinion to the rate of illiteracy among adult women and its implications for the well-being of their children, the lower rate of school participation among girls than among boys and the association between illiteracy, on the one hand, and poverty, under-development and economic, social and cultural exclusion on the other
3. Increasing popular participation, within and among countries, in efforts to combat illiteracy, particularly through activities of governmental and non-Governmental organizations, voluntary associations and community groups;
4. Increasing co-operation and solidarity among Member States in the struggle 4\'. against illiteracy;
5. Increasing co-operation within the United Nations system and, more generally, among all inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations in the struggle against illiteracy;
6. Using International Literacy Year for launching the Plan of Action for the eradication of illiteracy by the year 2000 and for addressing issues of critical importance to the progress of literacy such as reducing primary school drop-out and establishing post-literacy programmes to prevent relapse into illiteracy.
   

Literacy Situation in Pakistan
The celebration of the International Literacy Year in a country like Pakistan having one of the lowest literacy-rates among the Asian Countries is all the more necessary According to 1981 census, the overall literacy rate among population aged 10 and above in the country was 26.17 percent; 35.05 percent for males and 16.00 percent for female

In Pakistan, illiteracy is more pronounced in rural areas and especially among rural females. The female literacy-rates in rural areas of Punjab, Sindh, NWFP an Baluchistan were 9.4%, 5.2%, 3.8% and 1 .8% respectively, as may be seen from table given below:-

PROVINCE-WISE DISTRIBUTION OF LITERACY RATES AMONG POPULATION 10+ (1981 CENSUS)

ALL AREAS URBAN RURAL Both Sexes Male Female Both Sexes Male Female Both Sexes Male Female Pakistan 26.17 35.05 16.00 47.1 55.3 37.3 17.3 26.2 7.3 NWFP 16.7 25.9 6.5 35.8 47.0 21.9 132 21.7 3.8 Punjab 27.4 36.8 16.8 46.7 55.2 36.7 20.0 29.6 9.4 Sindh 31.5 39.7 21.6 50.8 57.8 42.2 15.6 24.5 5.2 Baluchistan 10.3 15.2 4.3 32.2 42.4 18.5 6.2 9.8 1.8

Illiterate Population
In absolute terms, the number of adult illiterates aged 10 and upward in the country are estimated to be about 48 million. About 1.0 million people join the rank of illiterates every year. According to 1981 Census, the distribution of illiteracy population in the country is given in Tab le-2.

DISTRIBUTION OF ILLITERATE POPULATION IN PAKISTAN
(Figures in million)

S. No Area Male Female Total 1. Pakistan 19.533 22.060 41.593 2. Punjab 11.057 12.886 23.943 3. Sindh 4.189 4.607 8.796 4. NWFP 2.900 3.274 6.174 5. Baluchistan 1.337 1.226 2.563

Celebration of International Literacy Year
As stated earlier, the International Literacy Year 1990 in fact provides for a decade long plan of action for the complete eradication of illiteracy. The nature of activities proposed to be undertaken during the period from now and the year 2000 can be categorized as:-

1. Planning of Literacy Programmes including universalization of basic education and making necessary preparations for their effective implementation including pilot experimental projects.
2. Creation of a favourable climate by launching mass motivation campaign to ensure maximum participation of both literate and illiterate masses in literacy drives. The issuance of a Commemorative Postage Stamp is also a step in this direction.
3. Effective implementation of programmes for complete eradication of illiteracy.
   References:
   1. The current Literacy situation in the World, Office of Statistics, UNESCO, Paris, July 1985, DOC. St-85/WS-9.
   2. Asia Pacific Programme of Education for All, Vol.2, No. 1. 1988.
   
   

Contributed by: National Education & Training Commission
Pakistan Post Office has decided to commemorate the occasion through issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 3/- denomination on September 8, 1990 on the INTERNATIONAL LITERACY YEAR 1990.

Indonesia Pakistan Economic And Cultrual Cooperation Organization (1968-1 990) August 19, 1990

The Indonesia-Pakistan Economic and Cultural Cooperation Organization (IPECC) is a bilateral arrangement between the two countries-which aims at promoting closer economic, technical & cultural co-operation and welfare of the people of Indonesia and Pakistan. The decision to form this Organization was taken in September, 1964 by the Heads of the States of the Republic of Indonesia and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, and it came into being on August 19, 1968.

The Postal Administration of Indonesia issued a stamp on August 19, 1977, depicting "Traditional Male Costume of Jakarta Region" and the Postal Administration of Pakistan issued a stamp on 5th February, 1978 depicting "Traditional Costume (Female) of Rawalpindi-Islamabad Region".

In 1983, the two Postal Administrations also issued a set of two commemorative postage stamps on a common theme viz. "Traditional weaving handicrafts of both the countries".

In 1984, the two Postal Administrations decided to issue commemorative postage stamps on three yearly basis. Accordingly a set of two stamps in the series of IPECC commemorative stamps is being issued on 19th August, 1990 to focus attention on the co-operation between Indonesia & Pakistan. The theme selected for the stamps is culture of the two countries.

To commemorate the occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 7/- denomination on the Indonesia Pakistan Economic and Cultural Cooperation Organization (IPECC) on August 19, 1990.

Pioneers Of Freedom (Series) August 14, 1990

• Allama Muhammad lqbal
• Quaid-e-Azam
• Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
• Sir Khan Salimullah
• Mohtarma Fatima Jinnah
• Sir Sultan Mohammad Shah Agha Khan III
• Nawab M. Ismail Khan
• Hussain Shaheed Suharwardi
• Syed Amir Ali
• Liaquat Ali Khan
• Fazlul Haq
• Shabbir Ahmad Usmani
• Sardar Abdul Rab Nishtar
• Bi-amma
• Abdullah Haroon
• Ch. Rehmat Ali
• Raja Sahib Mahmudabad
• Hassan Ali Effendi
• Bahadur Yar Jung
• Khawaja Nazimuddin
• Obaidullah Sindhi
• Khan Abdul Qaiyum Khan
• Begum Shah Nawaz
• G. H. Hidayat Allah
• Qazi Isa
• Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot
• Pir Mandki Sharif

BADR-1 Pakistan's First Experimental Satellite July 26, 1990

Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere Research Commission (SUPARCO) has been established by the Government of Pakistan with the specific objective of acquiring the capability to make use of space science and space technology for peaceful purposes and to provide a general flip to scientific and technological activities in the country.

As part of the programmes for space research and technology, SUPARCO has developed suitable ground facilities for tracking of rockets and satellites and for acquiring of telemetry and other scientific data from satellites in low earth orbit as well as in geo-stationary orbit. This has helped SUPARCO in acquiring expertise to establish necessary infrastructure for the development of its own scientific payloads for launching into a low orbit.
Consequently the first experimental satellite. BADR-1 (Badr means full moon), launched on July 16, 1990 from Xi Chang Station about 2000 kilometers from Beijing on a Chinese rocket (Long March 2E) has been indigenously designed and fabricated as a first step towards development of more sophisticated satellites systems both for research in different fields of space science and technology and eventually for application purposes in the fields of earth observation and communications.

The orbital period of BADR-1 satellite is about 98 minutes and a typical pass over Pakistan would last 4.6 minutes. The orbit of BADR-1 has a nominal perigee (nearest distance) of 200 km and apogee (farthest distance) of 1000 km. On the average 2-3 satellite passes would be available in a day. The satellite carries a Digital Communication Experiment (DCE) for store-and-forward type communication of messages to low-cost ground stations.
The up-link of BADR-1 consists of two command receivers operating simultaneously in the UHF range, only one of which transmits at a given time. Other on-board experiments are in-house monitoring of sub-systems through telemetry and tele-command of satellite.
Two primary ground stations with facilities for tracking telemetry and tele-command of BADR-1 satellite are already in operation at Karachi and Lahore.

The main objectives of BADR-1 satellite are:
(i) To acquire know-how for indigenous development of satellites to create infrastructure for future satellite development activities.
(ii) To test the performance of indigenously developed satellites sub-systems in space environment.
(iii) to perform experiments in real-time voice and data communications between two user ground stations;
(iv) to demonstrate store-and-forward type message communication; and
(v) to educate the country\'s academic, scientific and amateur community in the tracking and use of low-earth-orbiting satellites
Contributed by: SUPARCO, Karachi

To commemorate the occasion Pakistan Post Office is issuing a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 3/- denomination on the BADR-1 Pakistan\'s First Experimental Satellite on July 26, 1990.

Painters of Pakistan (Series) (Late) Shakir Ali, 1916 - 1975 April 19.1990

Professor Shakir All, the pioneer of modern art in Pakistan, was born at Rampur (India) in 1916. His early schooling was done at Jamia Millia, Delhi and Philanders Smith College, Naini Tal where his penchant for the art was evident in those days. This led him to paint at the UkiI Brothers Studio in New Delhi in 1937.

In 1938, he joined Sir J. J. School of Arts, Bombay and obtained the diploma in drawing and painting in 1944. The following year he held scholarship for post-diploma studies in mural decoration under Charles Garrard, the Director. He was then appointed \'Fellow\' of Sir J.J. School of Arts, Bombay, in 1945 he was associated with the Bombay Contemporary Art Group, and traveled in South India to study Indian architecture, fresco painting and bronzes.

His visit to England in 1946 was to prove a turning point in his artistic career. There he underwent training in two identically opposite ways and styles. In the Slade School of Art, London University he went through the rigorous of conventional and classical artistic training and got his diploma in Fine Arts in 1949. For sometime then he worked with Andre Lhote in the South of France. In 1950 he was awarded a scholarship by the Czech Ministry of Education through the British Council and studied textile designing at the School of Industrial Design in Prague. In Prague he was also associated with the Textile Corporation as external designer and then traveled through the Middle East during the following year.

The training in traditional painting at Slade School and the textile designing at Prague coupled with a study of Cezanne had a profound. impact on Shakir Ali\'s work. He had developed an abstract style of his own with a mastery over structural problems.

In 1952 he came to Pakistan and joined the Mayo School of Art, Lahore. The time was propitious for rebellion in the arts. A whole generation of young artists was frantically searching for new ways of expression. In Shakir Ali they found the leader for the modern movement in Pakistan. Later, he became Head of Art Department in National College of Arts and in 1961 he was appointed the Principal of the institution.

His work has been exhibited in several one-man and group exhibitions at home and abroad at Sao Paulo at the 3rd Biennial (1953), at the Punjab University Department of Fine Arts (1956), at Pakistan Arts Council Karachi (1957), among others. He won the President\'s Medal for Pride of Performance in painting in 1962. At the age of 59, Shakir All died of paralysis, in Mayo Hospital Lahore on January 27, 1975.
Late Professor Shakir All once said "I want my studio-home to be a place which artists, students and art lovers may freely visit". Today, Shakir Ali Museum is not only a homage to the memory of the great painter but also a fulfillment of his wishes.

The house, with its winding staircase, high-ceilinged rooms, burnt bricks and multi-level structure came up under the artist\'s personal and creative attention. The choice of wood and the carvings on the doors and other fittings make it a fascinating blend of the Gothic and Swati folk styles, giving the house a definite architectural personality.

Pakistan National Council of the Arts purchased this house from the legal heirs of the late Professor to convert it into a Museum and art gallery, in keeping with its aim of preserving and promoting the arts in the country.

In the Museum dedicated to the memory of late Professor Shakir Ali, his belongings and personal effects have been displayed in the drawing-dining and bed rooms, the way the artist used them in his life time. His paintings, drawings and other works of art have been placed in the corridor and gallery, for permanent display.

Courtesy : Pakistan National Council of the Arts

To commemorate the works of renowned painters of Pakistan, Pakistan Post Office has decided to bring out a series of postage stamps on the 'PAINTERS OF PAKISTAN'. The first stamp in the "PAINTERS OF PAKISTAN" series which is being issued on April 19, 1990 of Re. 1/-denomination depicts the famous calligraphic work of (late) Shakir Ali containing the following Urdu verse of the illustrious poet Mirza Asadullah Khan 'Ghalib'.

Safe Motherhood South Asia Conference Lahore March 24, 1990

The Safe Motherhood South Asia Conference, being held in Pakistan at Lahore from 24th to 28th March, 1990, is a link in the global effort to put the spotlight on the scale of needless human tragedy and on the lives of child bearing mothers. It has been sponsored by International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) and cosponsored by the World Bank. the UNDP, UNFPA. UNICEF, WHO, the Population Council and Family Care International. PAASBAN, the Family Planning Association of Pakistan, has been asked by this consortium of sponsors to organize this Conference. The Conference is being held in cooperation with the Government of Pakistan.

The Conference will be attended by the high ranking governmental and non-governmental representatives from India. Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan and Maldives as well as the representatives of Regional and International NGOs and the Co - Sponsoring Agencies.

SHARED GLOBAL CONCERN
Two major conferences held in Kenya in 1987 initiated global concern on the need for Safe Motherhood, Better Health for Women and Children through Family Planning. Consequently through a series of Conferences in various countries, such as Indonesia, Brazil and Jordan, regional focus has been systematically build up and attention given to the problem.

DEVELOPING AN ASIAN STRATEGY FOR 1990s
The Safe Motherhood South Asia Conference is the first ever to be held in South Asia. In a region where six out of ten of all maternal deaths in the world occur,
where the lifetime risks to a woman of dying from a pregnancy related cause is1 in 38, It is appropriate that the challenge of working out a better future for others
is addressed.

The Conference will examine this needless human tragedy in its many dimensions and endeavor to make Motherhood, if not totally safe, safer in the Region.

OBJECTIVES
Increase awareness of women\'s reproductive health in the region. Stimulate advocacy for Safe Motherhood and Better Health through Family Planning among governments, non-governmental organizations and communities. Involve media in dissemination of information of Safe Motherhood. Identify actions and strategies to promote reproductive health in the region. Formulate action plans and mobilize resources.

HIGHLIGHTS
The focus of the Conference is to share the concern over the silent tragedy of maternal and infant deaths. 1 out of 10 infants die in their first year 296000 women die in South Asia alone from maternity related causes each year. These deaths are preventable. There is a need to draw attention in South Asia to this tragedy, and mobilize action at national and regional levels to arrest it.

IPPF
The International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF), headquartered in London, is the world\'s leading voluntary organization engaged in family planning. As a Federation, through a worldwide network of 123 national affiliates, this international institution has promoted family planning as a basic human right and sought acceptance of the need for a balance between the population of the world and its resources. In 1985 IPPF won the United National Population Award.
The first ever Conference on the subject of Motherhood is a historic event particularly for Pakistan which has been selected to host it. It is in this context that Pakistan Post Office has decided to commemorate the occasion through issue of a commemorative postage stamp of Rs. 5/- denomination on the SAFE MOTHER-HOOD and adopted a slogan "SAVE MOTHERS LIVES" on the stamp.

Contributed by: SAFE MOTHERHOOD SOUTH ASIA CONFERENCE OFFICE, LAHORE

Pakistan Resolution Golden Jubilee 1940-1990 March 23, 1990

It was Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (1817.1898) who realized the plight of Muslims of India and embarked on his mission to revive and rehabilitate them. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was an advocate of Hindu-Muslim Unity but the Urdu-Hindi controversy (1861) disillusioned him. The event divided Hindus and Muslims permanently. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan came to the conclusion that the Muslims of India could not live together with Hindus. He was convinced that it would be wrong to expect any justice or fair-play from the Hindu majority. This realization led the Muslims to demand (1905) that In all local and provincial elections, Muslims must be separately elected by purely Muslim electorate. The Muslim demand for a separate electorate was a clear indication that there were two nations in India. The Pakistan Resolution (1940) was the culmination of this realization.
In December 1930, Allama Muhammad lqbal, poet-philosopher of Islam, stated in his presidential address \"The principle of European democracy cannot be applied to India without recognizing the fact of communal groups. The Muslim demand for the creation of a Muslim India within India is, therefore, perfectly justified. I would like to see the Punjab, North West Frontier Province, Sind and Baluchistan amalgamated into a separate state. Self-government within the British Empire, or without the British Empire, the formation of a consolidated North West Indian Muslim State appears to me the final destiny of the Muslims, at least of North-West India.\"
In 1933, Chaudhry Rehmat Ali, an Indian student at Cambridge, alongwith his three associates, issued a declaration entitled \"Now or Never\" It said that in the five north-western provinces of India (Punjab, NWFP, Kashmir, Sindh and Baluchistan) Muslims were in majority and their religion and culture were very different from those of the other peoples In India. He coined the name of \"Pakistan\".
Round Table Conferences were held in London to sort out the Communal problems (1930-32) but were not successful. In 1935 the British Parliament passed the Government of India Act 1935. All India Muslim League decided to take part in the elections which were to be held in January, 1937. The results of the elections, showed that while the Congress was in a position to form ministries on its own in all the six Hindu majority provinces, the Muslim League did not do well in any of the Muslim majority provinces. However, the victory of the Congress at the polls did not disturb the tranquility of the Muslims.
The week position of the Muslim League in the provincial assemblies, however, suggested to Nehru that the time was most appropriate to liquidate the only party which could legitimately claim a share in the various provinces. Congress, therefore, refused to form coalition ministries. The Hindu dominated body was bent on Muslim absorption. Western style majority rule could only mean the smaller community being swallowed by the larger, as Sir Syed Ahmad Khan had long ago pointed out.
The Congress Ministries continued their policies and programmes without any regard to Muslim feelings. A very large number of Muslims complained about the injustices that were being done to them. In March 1938, the Council of the Muslim League appointed an eight-member committee under the Chairmanship of Raja Syed Mohammad Mehdi of Pirpur \"to collect all information, make all necessary inquiries, and take such steps as may be considered proper\". The report of this Committee (generally called the Pirpur Report) gave a massive detail of Muslim grievances against Congress government.
The re-thinking of the Muslim League about the political system in India began in October 1938, when the Sind Provincial Muslim League Conference was held at Karachi. At this Conference, which was attended by some top Muslim League Leaders, including Quaid-e-Azam, the Sind Muslim League put forward a resolution in which it declared;
\"The Conference considers it absolutely essential in the interest of an abiding peace of the vast Indian continent and in the interests of unhampered cultural development, the economic and social betterment and political self-determination of the two Nations, known as Hindus and Muslims. the India may be divided into two Federations, namely, the Federation of Muslim States and the Federation of non- Muslim States,\"
Two Aligarh Muslim University Professors, Syed Zafar-ul Hasan and Afzal Husain Qadri, came out with their own scheme which was published under the. title \"Problem of Indian Muslims and its solution\". They divided India into three sovereign Federations. In 1939, the Congress decided upon non cooperation and ordered its Ministries in the provinces to resign. Quaid-e-Azam was understandably pleased with the Congress decision about its Ministries and appealed to Muslims to observe 22nd December, 1939 as the \"Day of Deliverance\" to show their gratitude that, at last, the Congress rule, which was so unjust to them in several ways, had come to an end. On 8th February, 1940, Quaid-e-Azam had a meeting with Linlithgow and told him that the Muslim League, at its forthcoming session at Lahore, was going to demand the partition of the country. The proceedings of the Lahore session logically followed. In his Presidential Address on 22 March Quaid-e-Azam stated \"Islam and Hinduism are not religions in the strict sense of the word, but are, in fact, different and distinct social orders, and it is a dream that the Hindus and Muslims can ever evolve a common nationality, and this misconception of one Indian nation has gone far beyond the limits and is the cause of most of our troubles and will lead India to destruction if we fail to revise our notions in time. The Hindus and Muslims belong to two different religious philosophies, social customs, literatures. They neither inter-marry nor interdine together and, indeed they belong to two different civilizations which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and conceptions. Their aspects on life and of life are different. it is quite clear that Hindus and Musalmans derive their inspiration from different sources of history. They have different epics, different heroes and different episodes. Very often the hero of one is a foe of the other and, likewise, their victories and defeats overlap. To yoke together two such nations under a single state, one as a numerical minority and the other as a majority, must lead to growing discontent and final destruction, of any fabric that may be so built up for the governance of such a state\".
PAKISTAN RESOLUTION
The solution of the constitutional problem which the Muslim League offered, came in the form of a resolution moved on 23rd March, 1940 by the Bengal Chief Minister, A.K. Fazlul Haq which was seconded by Choudhary Khaliquzzaman in the 27th Session of All India Muslim League held at Lahore in Minto Park now known as Iqbal Park.
The Resolution, Interalia, stated, \"Resolved that it is the considered view of this session of the All India Muslim League that no constitutional plan would be workable in this country or acceptable to the Muslims unless it is designed on the following basic principles, viz., that geographically contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be so constituted with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary, that the area In which the Muslims are numerically in a majority as in the North-Western and Eastern zones of India, should be grouped to constitute Independent States in which the constituent units shall be autonomous and sovereign\"
That adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards should be specifically provided in the constitution for minorities in these units and in the regions for the protection of their religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests in consultation with them\".
In 1942, Congress leaders started the Quit India Movement which, if successful, would have left the Muslims completely at the mercy of the Hindus. Quaid-e-Azam, therefore, advised the Muslims to keep aloof from this Movement and asked Britain to first divide India & then quit. As was inevitable, the Muslims became more suspicious of the Congress intentions and as a corollary, they began to support more and more, the demand of the Muslim League for a separate state. It was on the basis of this mass Muslim support for the demand for Pakistan, that Congress leaders ultimately agreed to the partitioning of India. Thus the Pakistan Resolution, passed fifty years ago on 23rd March, 1940, paved the way for the creation of an independent Muslim state in 1947.
Contributed by: The Department of Archives, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad) To celebrate Pakistan Resolution Golden Jubilee, Pakistan Post Office is issuing a set of three commemorative postage stamps, each of Re.1/- value, in a horizontal se-tenant formation, and one souvenir sheet of Rs. 7/- value, on March 23, 1990.Description of the stamps is as follows:-
The three (Se-tenant) stamps symbolically depict, in line drawings in an artistic manner, the saga of one of the most formative phases of the Pakistan Movement (1930-1947).
In the first stamp, Allama Mohammad Iqbal is shown addressing the famous Allahabad Session of the All India Muslim League; while Liaquat Ali Khan is depicted taking oath as the Secretary General of the League from its President, the Quaid-e-Azam (1936),who is shown seated. In the second stamp Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, a fearless freedom fighter, is shown addressing a Muslim rally; while the Quaid-e-Azam is depicted addressing the mammoth gathering on the eve of the passing of the Pakistan Resolution at Lahore on March 23, 1940. The historic role of the Muslim women in the struggle for Pakistan forms part of the third stamp which most artistically portrays the courageous and historic act of hoisting the Pakistan Movement flag on the Punjab Secretariat Building at Lahore by the fearless Muslim women freedom fighters (1946); while the Quaid-e-Azam is shown taking oath as the first Governor General of the newly established state of Pakistan on August 14, 1947. The souvenir sheet contains extract of the Pakistan Resolution in Urdu & English, alongwith the symbolic depiction of the flag of Pakistan and the Minar-e-Qarardad-e-Pakistan.

7th World Hockey Cup 1990 Lahore February 12, 1990

The idea of the World Cup was conceived by the Pakistan Hockey Federation some time in the late 1960s and the beautiful trophy for the winner was designed and donated by Pakistan. At FIH Council meeting held on October 26, 1969, it was decided to hold a World Cup Competition. The first World Hockey Cup tournament was held in 1971 in Barcelona, Spain. Pakistan donated the World Cup worth Rs. 600,000 (US $ 30000). His Excellency, the then Ambassador of Pakistan in Belgium. handed over World Cup to the FIH President on March 27, 1971.

The 7th World Hockey Cup will be organised by the Pakistan Hockey Federation on behalf of the International Hockey Federation. Pakistan will have the honour of holding the World Championship for the first time in a most befitting manner.

Hockey is national game of Pakistan. The World Cup will, be a memorable occasion in the history of sports in Pakistan. Hundreds of thousands of hockey fans are expected to throng the National Hockey Stadium, Lahore during the tournament.

Lahore, the city of culture, gardens and repository of Mughal Empire, welcomes the participants to the 7th World Hockey Cup to be held at National Hockey Stadium, Lahore from 12th to 23rd February 1990. Apart from participating teams, top ranking officials and technical officials of Federation of International Hockey are coming to supervise the World- Hockey Cup tournament from all over the world.

The 7th World Hockey Cup is the most prestigious Hockey Tournament. Teams from all over the globe will be participating. The teams have been divided into two pools. Pool \'A\' consists of Argentina, Australia, France, Holland, India, USSR. Pool \'B\' comprises of Canada, England, Ireland, Pakistan, Spain and West Germany. The matches on the two pitches are to be played on League basis. The winners of Pool \'A\' will play against runners-up of Pool \'B\' and winners of Pool \'B\' will play against runners-up of Pool \'A\' for the semi-finals. The winners of these matches will play finals of the championship. The remaining eight teams will compete in classification matches.

Newly constructed National Hockey Stadium shall be the venue of the 7th World Hockey Cup. It is located in a posh locality of Lahore and has a very pretty and picturesque surroundings. The Stadium has the capacity for 50,000 spectators providing all the amenities to players, organizers and spectators.
National Hockey Stadium, Lahore is one of the best and biggest hockey stadiums in the world with the latest brand of system-90 Astro-Turf pitch. The practicing pitch has the system-S Astro Turf. The provision of 2nd pitch astro-turf was a must for the organisation of the World Hockey Cup competition. The new Astro Turf has been laid on the eastern side of the National Hockey Stadium. This was a challenging task; but the work was accomplished in the stipulated period.
To facilitate working of international Press during World Cup tournament, special telecommunication arrangements have been improvised at the National Hockey Stadium with the active assistance of Telecommunication Authorities. Temporary telex, fax and international telephone have been installed besides other facilities including establishment of a temporary Post Office which will also sell postage stamps commemorating the 7th World Hockey Cup.

Pakistan has distinction of winning World Hockey Cup in 1971 (Barcelona - Spain), 1978 (Buenos Aires - Argentina), 1982 (Bombay - India) and Silver Medal in 1975 (Kuala Lumpur). These achievements are yet unparalleled. Pakistan had during the past few years facing a bad patch in international competitions; but is now facing the coveted World Hockey Cup competition with confidence.

The statistical record of the World Hockey Cup since its inception is as follows
Year: 1971
Place: Barcelona, Spain
No. of Teams: 10
Winner: Pakistan
Runner up: Spain
Third Position: India

Year: 1973
Place: Amsterdam, Holland
No. of Teams: 12
Winner: Holland
Runner up: India
Third Position: West Germany

Year: 1975
Place: Kualalumpur, Malaysia
No. of Teams: 12
Winner: India
Runner up: Pakistan
Third Position: West Germany

Year: 1978
Place: BuenosAires, Argentina
No. of Teams: 12
Winner: Pakistan
Runner up: Holland
Third Position: Australia

Year: 1982
Place: Bombay, India
No. of Teams: 12
Winner: Pakistan
Runner up: West Germany
Third Position: Australia

Year: 1986
Place: London, G. Britain
No. of Teams: 12
Winner: Australia
Runner up: England
Third Position: West Germany

Mr. Bashir Moojid, the designer and artisan from the Pakistan\'s Army\'s Corps of Electrical and Mechanical Engineers, had designed and shaped the World Cup Trophy as per the idea of the then PHF President. The World Cup is a magnificent trophy, 65 centimeter high and 11.56 kilograms in weight, made from gold (895 grams), silver (6815 grams), ivory (350 grams) and teak wood (3500 grams). The trophy stands mounted on a 12 cm high blade base beautifully inlaid with ivory. The trophy itself consists of a globe depicting the world in silver and gold, on top of which is a ball and hockey stick with gold and silver.
Gold medals will be awarded to the winners, silver medals to the runners-up and bronze medals will be given to 3rd position. A specially donated \'Cup\' will be given to the champion country.
A cultural show of 1000 troupe will be presenting the folk dances of the four Provinces on the opening day. The 7th World Hockey Cup is a great historic occasion in the field of sports in Pakistan. (Contributed by. Pakistan Hockey Federation).
To commemorate 7th World Hockey Cup, Lahore Pakistan Post Office is issuing a stamp of Rs. 2/- denomination on February 12, 1990. The hockey players are shown artistically and symbolically in sketchy form in action through stain glass effect. The logo of the 7th World Hockey Cup is depicted on the left hand margin of the stamp.

20th Anniversary Of The Establishment of OIC 12 Rajab 1410 A.H. February 9, 1990

The 20th Anniversary of the establishment of the Organization of Islamic Conference is being celebrated on 12th Rajab, 1410 AH. corresponding to February 9,1990. It was on 12th Rajab that the decision to set up the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) was taken, at the First Islamic Summit Conference held in Rabat in 1969.
The Organization of the Islamic Conference was born out of the conviction of the leaders assembled in Rabat in September 1969 in the wake of the arson committed against the Al-Aqsa Mosque in occupied Jerusalem that their peoples, although located in different parts of the world, formed an indivisible Ummah and were determined to exert united efforts to defend their legitimate interests.
The Charter of the OIC expresses the resolve of the Islamic States to "preserve Islamic spiritual, ethical, social and economic values". It re-affirms their commitment to the U.N. Charter and fundamental human rights. The aims and objectives of the OIC have been defined, inter-alia, as the progress of Islamic States in the economic, social. cultural, scientific and other vital fields, coordination of efforts to liberate and safeguard the Islamic Holy Places, and contribution to the establishment of maintenance of inter-national peace and security.
The Islamic Conference today is an inter governmental organization of 46 Islamic States representing over one billion Muslims. The Organisation seeks to promote the united stance of the Islamic World on international issues of vital concern to the Muslim Ummah as well as the socio-economic progress and cultural renaissance of the Islamic Ummah. It serves as the Islamic people\'s spokesman in world forums so as to ensure that their points of view on major issues of concern to them are authentically portrayed and effectively advocated.
The 20th Anniversary of the Establishment of OIC is an occasion for fostering unity and brotherhood among the Muslims all over the world and dedication by Member States to the objectives and principles of the Organisation of the Islamic Conference. The Government and people of Pakistan reiterate their determination to make all possible endeavours for the promotion of the unity, solidarity and well being of the Islamic Ummah within the framework of the OIC.
(Contributed by :- The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Islamabad)
To commemorate the 20th Anniversary of the Establishment of the Organization the Islamic Conference (OIC). Pakistan Post Office is issuing a stamp of Re. 1/-denomination on 12 Rajab 1410 A.H. corresponding to February 9, 1990.